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英语感谢信高考范文,英语感谢信高考
tamoadmin 2024-05-19 人已围观
简介1.作文书写要求 备战高考,对于英语的写作技巧不掌握一点怎么行呢?下面是我给大家整理的高考英语基础写作技巧,供大家参阅! 高考英语基础写作技巧 一、基础写作题的特点 高考设置基础写作题目的目的是要检测考生最基础的书面语言表达能力,如用词的合理性、句子结构的复杂度、语法运用的正确性、信息内容的完整性、句子之间的连贯性等。 1. 写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。 历年来高考作文
1.作文书写要求
备战高考,对于英语的写作技巧不掌握一点怎么行呢?下面是我给大家整理的高考英语基础写作技巧,供大家参阅!
高考英语基础写作技巧一、基础写作题的特点
高考设置基础写作题目的目的是要检测考生最基础的书面语言表达能力,如用词的合理性、句子结构的复杂度、语法运用的正确性、信息内容的完整性、句子之间的连贯性等。
1. 写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。
历年来高考作文题的题材都非常贴近考生的学习和生活,如校园活动、校外见闻、交友、旅游,和考生有关的话题讨论等。
让我们先回顾五年以来基础写作的话题。
2. 写作的体裁主要是故事性描述和应用文。
基础写作题的体裁主要有故事性描写和应用文写作两大类。命题形式可能是看图写故事、看图表说明、根据表格信息完成一封短信或一份通知这类的应用文等。
3. 内容呈现的方式具有半封闭性。
基础写作题是半封闭的,其特点是写作的内容是被规定了的,考生必须将文章所规定的信息点完整、全面地表达出来,但对于语言表达的方式、信息组织的先后秩序、需要补充哪些必要的信息等,考生又有一定的自主构思空间。
4. 用5句话表达。
基础写作只能用5句话来表达题目所给的全部信息点,用5个简单句很难完成任务,必须使用复合句或并列句来综合多个信息点,而且还要照顾句子之间的衔接和语意上的连贯。
二、写作技巧及顺序
由基础写作题的特点可以看出,它对考生提出了一些新的要求。
1. 通篇浏览,把握整体。
浏览文章信息,并对其处理,将其分割成五句话,做到哪句话包含哪些信息。主要考察应试者的信息组织能力。
信息组织能力包括信息归类、信息排列和信息表达三个环节。
首先,对于题目所提供的各种信息点需要依照一定的标准将信息进行归类,并初步计划将哪些信息放到同个句子中;
其次是将信息进行合理的排列,排列必须依照一定的标准,如时间顺序、空间顺序、因果关系、递进关系等;
第三是选择信息表达的秩序,确定句子之间的先后关系,这既要考虑语法上能否衔接,还要考虑语意上的连贯。在组织信息的过程中,还要对某些信息进行必要的增删,使文章意思连贯、语言畅通、逻辑严密。
2. 集中兵力,各个击破。
在第一部的基础上,把五个句子逐一写清楚,包含所需信息。在组织句子时注意一下几点:
a) 一个句子首先要找清楚主谓宾,然后想办法拓展这句话,把其他的信息加进去。运用复杂句子的能力。
b) 一个句子有且仅有一个谓语(并且谓语)。
改错:
I writing the letter to complain about I bought the shoed recently.
主要考察应试者运用复杂句式的能力。
第一类是复合句,包括含有名词性从句的复合句,含有定语从句的复合句,含有状语从句的复合句。
例:
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world.
第二类是并列句:
具有递进关系的并列句, 如由and,then,besides,in addition, furthermore,moreover, what?s more等连接的并列句;
具有转折关系的并列句,如由but,however,on the contrary, after all等连接的并列句;
具有平行选择关系的并列句,如由both?and?,as well as,as well,neither?nor?or,either?or?,not only?but also?等连接的并列句。
例:
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted and it ranks the first in the world.
第三类是一些特殊句型,如使用非谓语动词、强调句、倒装句、含有with复合结构的句子、there be开头的句子、以形式主语it开头的句子等。
例:
More than 50% of the students in China are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.
c) 想办法为作文加分。
1. 多多使用各种连词,使文章更为连贯。
顺接/递进:Firstly/ secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, what?s more, what?s worse, what?s more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least,.
转折:but, however, nevertheless(然而), yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, while
原因:because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to
结果:so, therefore, as a result, so that, then, so ?that, such ?that
总结:to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, finally, in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,
2. 多使用高级词汇,句式和短语进行变换,不要重复使用一个句式和短语。同时要注意避免常见错误:
1)不要为了减少句数而不断使用逗号,一定要通过从句,连词,非谓语等来减少句数。 如:It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. 改为:
It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.
They could not work in the fields, because it was raining hard.
2)时态错误:一定要根据文章的语境判断该使用的时态
高考英语基础写作技巧实战实战演练一
用不同的句型写出下面的句子。
经历 心情
被接纳为亚运会志愿者 兴奋
01 同位语从句: The news that I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games made me very excited.
02 宾语/主语从句: It made me very excited / I felt very excited that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian games.
03 状语从句: When i heard that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games, i felt very excited.
04 定语从句: I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asain Games, which made me very excited.
05 非谓语动词: Hearing that i had been accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games, i felt very excited.
06 普通连词:I was accepted as the volunteers for the Asian Games and i felt so excited about it.
07 倒装句/强调句:It was last week that i was accepeted as the volunteers for the Asian Games and I felt so excited about it.
实战训练二
第一节 基础写作 (共1小题,满分15分)
假设你是你校校园广播站的记者,请根据以下内容给广播站写一篇英语新闻报道。
[写作内容]
参考词汇:改革开放 reform and opening up
[写作要求]
1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部所给要点;
2. 报道中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To celebrate the great achievements in the past 30 years of reform and opening up,a speech contest organized by Senior Two was held in the gymnasium of our school on the afternoon of March 15th, 2010. More than 1200 people were lucky to listen to the speeches on the spot, including all the teachers and students in Senior 2, the leaders of our school and parents of some students. Eighteen contestants / candidates from different classes in Senior Two delivered wonderful speeches very fluently. Some of them talked about the great changes which had taken place in our country through their personal experiences and others sang high praise for the wise policy of reform and opening up by comparing the present of their hometowns with the past. This activity made us more confident and proud of our country and we all made up our mind to study harder to build our country more beautiful.
实战训练三
基础写作
假设你是李华,昨天下午参加了英语才艺大赛(Talent Show),并获得一等奖。以下是参加情况及获奖感受:
1. 看别人比赛时:紧张;
2. 自己表演时:想起Mike数月的努力与帮助,冷静;
3. 在最有挑战的问答环节:谨记Mike的建议,顺利;
4. 宣布结果时:兴奋,遗憾Mike不在场。
[写作内容]
请根据以上介绍,给回美国度假的外籍教师Mike写一封感谢信,内容包括:
1. 告知获奖;
2. 介绍参赛情况;
3. 表达获奖感受。
[写作要求]
只能用5个句子表达所给的全部内容。信的开头与结尾已给出。
[评分标准]
句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。
Dear Mike
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Please accept my warmest thanks. I look forward to your return to China.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Mike,
I?m writing to let you know that I won first prize in the English Talent Show yesterday afternoon. Before it was my turn I watched the others and got very nervous. But when I was on the stage, I thought of all your efforts to help me during the past few months and gradually calmed down. Although the question-and-answer section was the most challenging, I got through it quite smoothly by remembering all your suggestions. When the judge announced the result I was very excited but it was really a pity you were not there.
Please accept my warmest thanks. I look forward to your return to China.
Yours,
Li Hua
2013年广东省高考英语作文
Ⅳ 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 基础写作(共1题;满分15分)
你接受了一项写作任务,要为英语校报写一篇时事快讯。
[写作内容]
请根据以下信息,写一篇关于移民火星的快讯。
志愿者的选拔
到2015年,在全球选出约30名去火星的志愿者
志愿者的条件
至少18岁
做好不回地球的准备
愿与他人保持良好的关系
专家观点
火星条件太艰苦
面临严寒气候、孤独和恐惧
志愿者观点
厌倦地球生活,想体验火星生活
如果成功,就是人类英雄
火星:the Mars
[写作要求]
只能用5句话表达全部内容
[评分标准]
句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章连贯
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2012年广东高考英语作文
Ⅳ 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 基础写作 (共1小题;满分15分)
你接受了一项写作任务,要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。
写作内容
请根据以下信息,介绍一位传奇人物
姓 名:Allan Stewart
国 籍:澳大利亚
出生日期:1915年3月7日
世界纪录:2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大
学习态度:挑战自我,永远为时不晚。
第一个学位:1936年获得
第二个学位:医学博士
第三个学位:80多岁时决定学习法律,2006年获得硕士学位。
第四个学位:2012年通过网络学习获得,善于合理安排学习时间,受到老师表扬。
*硕士学位:master?s degree; **博士:doctor
[写作要求]
只能用5个句子表达全部内容
[评分标准]
句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高考英语写作指导1、高考写作的实质变相的考察句型与词汇的灵活应用
英语写作不同于语文作文的写作,如果说语文作文是一个自由发挥的舞蹈,那么高考英语写作就是带着枷锁在跳舞。我之所以这样来形容,是因为高考英语写作的内容都已经通过文字、表格、这三种形式给定大家了,内容方面,不需要学生进行发挥,大家所需要发挥的就是给这个不变的内容不要老去穿毫无变化的校服(简单句),而要去穿一些不一样的衣服,让它显得不那么单调,让判卷老师能看到不同,而那些所谓的衣服也就是多变句型与词汇。
2、写作的评分标准怎么去迎合评卷老师的胃口
我了解到目前很大一部分学生的作文都处在15分左右,写作满分25分,15分也就是个及格分,而很多学生都是为了提分才来到了新东方,那么15分和20多分的作文到底差在哪里?这个问题很容易回答。15分的作文中规中矩,该对的都对,包括内容要点的完整,语法与词形的正确,但是全都是很简单句子的一个堆砌,没有任何的亮点。而20多分的作文句型词汇方面就做了很好的包装,它的句子穿的衣服已经不是校服,而是李宁、耐克,或者是阿迪,所以让人觉得很?拽?,而高考英语写作要的就是这种很?拽?的感觉。
3、写作提分的三要素句型,连词,高级词汇
句子是我们写作文最大的单位,有了漂亮的句子,用好的连词将其连句成段,在加上一些如星星般亮点词汇的点缀,一篇好的高考英语作文就有了。而这三个因素中最容易把握的是句子,最难的是高级词汇,限于大家的词汇还比较有限,一篇文章中出现那么一两个就够了。我们应该把重心放在句型上,因为这个最容易把握。
但是大家又有这样的困惑,学校里老师也给了我们很多的句型啊,动辄成五十上一百句的,大家背的挺多,但是面对考试的时候,发现背的那些怎么也用不上。其实不是那些东西没有用,而是它们太干了,就好比一根干骨头,大家嚼起来很没有味,也不知道该把他们往哪里放。
在这里我给大家提供一种比较切实可行迅速提高的练习方法,在接下来的时间里只要大家按照这个方法来,就一定会有收获。找历年真题,一周只需要写两篇,但是要这么来写:
1. 把你要写的内容要点用九到十句的汉语表达出来。
2. 逐一地进行翻译,不是用简单句,而是要刻意地去想。
(1)可以用什么样的复杂句。
(2)怎样去避开不会的表达,转义。例如:
这本书是如此的有趣,以致于我读了一遍又一遍。
1)This book was so interesting that I read it again and again.
2)This was such an interesting book that I read it again and again.
3)This was so interesting a book that I read it again and again.
4)So interesting was this book that I read it again and again.
这四句译文当中无疑评卷老师最欣赏的是第四句,因为它用了倒装。
再例如:
如果征收门票,需要建大门、围墙,会影响城市形象。 这句话中肯定?收?那个动作很多同学不会表达,那能不能想一个转义的方式,既避开了?收?这个动作还能表达原句的含义。
A wall and a gate have to be built if there is an entrance fee, which doesn't help the image of the city.
这个译文中用一个大家很熟悉的经典句型there be句型化险为夷。
4、如何备考
其实这种思维大家都有,但是没有成为一种思路,让它能在考试中起到作用,那是因为大家练得少。英语写作处在一种很尴尬的境地,一方面大家要分数,但另外一方面大家一个学期里写的作文也就是期中期末的两篇。毫不夸张地说,有的学生上了三年的高中可能只写了六篇作文,所以练习是很重要的,要是现在不练而把高考当练习,那么作文只拿14、15分也合情合理了,到那时你不要骂评卷老师不公平,而是应该问问自己备考的时候为什么不多练几篇,时间都是挤出来的,希望大家可以挤出时间来练写作。
作文书写要求
时间就像海绵,挤一挤还是有的。高考再紧,看一篇英语范文的时间还是可以凑出来的。下面是我给大家整理的高考英语优秀范文,供大家参阅!
高考英语优秀范文篇1:高中生减负前后
Senior middle school students were heavily burdened with all kinds of homework. In the past, they spent about 6.5 hours in their classroom a day. At home, it took them 5 hours to finish their homework. So they only got less than 7 hours' sleep. Their free time was only three hours. As a result, their health was badly damaged.
Now the things are getting better. About five hours are spent in class and the time for homework had been reduced two hours. So that they have eight hours' sleep and also two more hours to do whatever they like.
高考英语优秀范文篇2:暑假生活
this year''''s summer vacation was most enjoyable. i spent fifteen days helping my grandparents doing farm work in the countryside, where i saw mountains and fields covered with green plants. sometimes i went swimming in the river to the west of the village, the water in which was quite clear.
i kept a diary every day. besides doing farm work, i help the children in the neighborhood with their lessons. all of them showed much interest in english. they could read and write well, but they could hardly understand simple english. so every day in the morning i spent about two hours helping them improve their listening and spoken english. they all made great progress. their parents all thought highly of me. i now realize that knowledge is very much needed in the countryside.
高考英语优秀范文篇3:体育课
may 28 monday cloudy
this afternoon we had a p. e. lesson. our teacher taught us to practise the long jump. when the bell rang, we gathered on the playground. after warming-up exercises, the teacher told us the way of long jump and showed us how to do it. then we followed the teacher and practiced one after another. soon came my turn, bur i felt a bit nervous. though i failed the first time, yet ididn''''t lose my heart. i kept on practising. at last i was able to jump over 3 meters.
from this lesson i came to see that one will succeed if he has perseverance.
高考英语优秀范文篇4:我对污染的看法
today, pollution has become a serious problem to us. it means that the air, seas, rivers and land are polluted by waste or poisonous things. it does harm not only to human beings but also to animals (it does harm to animals, as well as human beings.)。
we cannot have fresh air because many factories have the poisonous smoke sent into the air. beautiful parks are made dirty by plastic tins and bags. fish die from the polluted water. it is said that strange diseases have appeared in some places because of pollution.
i hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem. we are looking forward to seeing the clear sky, clean rivers and beautiful parks again.
高考英语优秀范文篇5:mr mayor
mr mayor,
we strongly ask the market near our school to be moved. it lies in three reasons.
first, some noise and air pollution make us unable to fix our attention on study.
second, so many peddlers often go in and out of our school freely that we can't listen to our lessons clearly which is likely to be dangerous to us.
at last, i'll say that some of the students begin to give up schooling and to be in-business, affected by the market.
we are looking forward to your answer.
yours,
tom
高考英语优秀范文篇6:兴趣
everybody has his or her interest, and interests differ widely from person to person because of age, sex health and education. to some extent, interest also reflects one's ability or wish. interest plays an important part in our daily life. as a middle school student interest is of great importance in study. if you want to learn something well, you have to show interest in it, which is quite possible. once you have found your way into the subject, you may have also found a world of curiosities.
in our times, interest may not only result in skill and knowledge but also lead to great inventions and discoveries. to be a successful person in the world one should develop one's interest.
高考英语优秀范文篇7:求职信
Dear Sir or Madam,
I have learned from an advertisement that your company is in need of a secretary. I would like you to consider me for the position.
My name is Li Min. I am twenty-three years old. I am studying business management in Xiamen University. I will graduate this summer. I am familiar with computer operation and office softwares, which can help me do the office work very well. And I have learned English for ten years.In the past two years, I have been an editor for the English Paper of my department. My grades come out top in my department. What's more, I like office work very much and I also think that I can be competent for the job.If I could have the opportunity to get the job I will be quite appreciative.
Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully
Li Min
亲爱的先生或女士:
我从一则广告上得知你们公司需要秘书。我希望您考虑一下我。
我叫李敏,23岁,现在在厦门大学学习经济管理,今年夏季即将毕业。我精通计算机操作及办公软件的使用,这可以帮助我做好办公室工作。我学了十年英语。在过去的两年里我一直担任本系英语报的一名编辑。我的成绩在系里名列前茅。另外,我非常喜欢办公室工作并且我也认为我能胜任这个工作。如果我能有机会得到这份工作,我会非常感激。
谢谢您的考虑。我盼望着您的回信。
您忠实的朋友 李敏
高考英语优秀范文篇8:求职信
Dear Sir or Madam,
In an advertisement I know that your company is in need of a secretary. I would like to apply for the job.
I am a student of business management in Xiamen University. My name is Li Min. I am twenty-three years old and will graduate this summer.I am able to operate computer skillfully. I think this is very important for office work. I have learned English for ten years. I am very good at English, so I have been an editor of my department's English Paper in the past two years. My grades are among the best ones in my department. Besides,I like office work very much and I can be competent in it. I will be quite appreciative if I am offered the opportunity.
Thank you for your consideration. I wish to get your answer soon.
高考英语优秀范文篇9:感谢信
Dear Mr. John,
How are things going with you in Beijing?
I am writing to show my thanks to you. You tutored me in my spoken English before you went to Beijing. With your help I made such rapid progress that I won the first place in the Spoken English Competition of the city. My achievement is owed to your help. Thank you very much.
I have heard that you and your wife will pay a visit to my school. I am very glad at the news. In that case we can see each other again. I am looking forward to your coming. I am sending you a telescope as a small gift. I hope you will like it.
All the best.
Yours,
Liu Jie
亲爱的约翰先生:
您在北京过得怎么样?
我写信向您表达我的谢意。去北京前您辅导我的英语口语。在您的帮助下我很快取得进步,所以能在市里举办的英语口语比赛中取得第一名。我的成绩应该归功于您的帮助。非常感谢。
我听说您和您的夫人要来我们学校访问。听到这个消息我非常高兴。那样的话我们就又可以见面了。期盼着您的到来。我给您寄去一件小礼物?望远镜?。希望您喜欢。
万事如意。
您的朋友 刘杰
高考英语优秀范文篇10:感谢信
Dear Mr. John,
How are you getting on in Beijing?
I am writing to tell you a piece of good news. I am the champion of the Spoken English Competition held in the city. The success is owed to your help. Before you went to Beijing you spent much time on my spoken English so that I made great progress in it. As a result I got the first place in the competition. Thanks a lot.
I heard that you and your wife would visit my school. I am very happy and expect to see you soon. I am sending you a telescope as a small gift. I hope you will like it.
Best wishes.
Yours,
一、提高认识事物和表达事物的能力。我国著名教育家叶圣陶先生指出:“写任何东西决定于认识和经验,有什么样的认识和经验,才能写出什么样的东西来。反之,没有表达认识的能力,同样也写不出好作文”。
二、把认识结构作为作文的核心,包括学习知识,观察积累,记忆储存,训练思维,丰富想象,培养情感,锻炼意志;从说到写,推敲修改,多读勤写。
三、树立大作文观,听、说、读、写有机结合
一要注重审题;二要明确写作目的,立意要新;三是选材要有根据;四要讲究谋篇技巧,安排好篇章结构;五要注意文章分段,事先列小标题,作文提纲;六要注重文章写法,因文用法;七要妙用语言,用思想调遣语言。
学会五种立意法:以事赞人,直抒胸臆,借物喻理,触景生情,托物言志。
四、作文大目标的逐年级分解: 一年级字词,二年级句子,三年级片断,四年级篇章,五年级综合,六年级提高。
五、实施五项训练
根据认识是作文的核心这一原则,围绕这个发展学生心理机制的核心,扎扎实实地进行了五项训练:
(一)、字词训练。学习掌握大量字词。掌握运用字词的金钥匙:联系自己熟悉的事物;联系自己生活实际;联系自己学会的语言及字词知识。
运用“十引说”的方法,把字词学习与说话训练相结合。“十引说”是:1、分析字形;2、利用教具;3、凭图学词;4、组词扩词;5、选词填空;6、词语搭配;7、调整词序;8、触景用词;9、词语分类;10、联词成句。丰富了说话训练内容,使自己积累大量会说会用的字词,为写作文打下坚实基础。
(二)、句子训练。只要是一个句子,都包括两个方面:一是说的人、事、物、景,二是说目的。可有些教师指导学生说一句话时,没有很好凭借图画和事物,认真教学生观察、认识、分析、表达的方法,只是拿出一张图或一事物让学生说写一句话,学生不知道为什么要说写一句话,怎样说写一句话,说写一句什么句型、什么句式的话,导致作文中语调单一、呆板、不活泼生动。可以改让学生凭图、看物、对话、练习说写一句时间、地点、人物、事件四要素完整的话,四种句型,九种句式的话。学生才会在作文中运用不同句型、句式,表达不同的思想、感情、态度、目的。
(三)、段的训练。结合八种段式:以事物发展为序段,时间先后为序段,空间变换为序段,总述、分述结构段,因果段、转折段,递进段,并列段。以此认识客观事物的发生、发展规律。不论哪种段式,都是记叙事物的发展和人们对事物的认识,即段的内容,段的中心。它和一句话一样,也是对人、事、物、景的叙述,也是表达一个意思。只不过是把一句话进一步说得更清楚、更深刻。
(四)、篇章训练。篇是由段组成的。通过对审题、立意、选材、谋篇、定法、用语的知识与方法,通过记叙、描写、抒情、议论四种表达方法,文章开头与结尾、过渡与呼应方法,各种文章体裁的知识与方法。学会写中心明确,意思完整,详略得当的记叙文和应用文。
(五)、生活现场训练。采用生活现场训练,更好地体会“从内容入手”写作文。 通过各种作文教学活动,如“确定中心讨论会”、“选材讨论会”、“作文会诊会”、“小诸葛审题会”、“妙用词语比赛会”,从活动中生动具体地学到作文知识与写作文的方法。另外,还可开展各种校内外活动,如跳绳、拔河、踢毽、球类、背书比赛,从而学会如何写比赛作文;开展校内外义务劳动,学会如何写劳动场面;举行诗歌朗诵、讲演会,学会如何写会议场面及会议上的见闻;通过参观访问,浏览名胜古迹,学会如何写参观访问记、游记。学习观察方法,留心周围的事物、事件,“处处留心皆学问,人情练达即文章”。通过现场生活作文,进一步认识到:生活是作文的沃土。从而学会写真事、抒真情,陶冶真、善、美的情操,培养良好的文风。
实行“互评互改”,培养学生思维独立性和创造性。学生作文写好后,组织在小组内讲评。先学习别人作文的优点,再用批评的眼光互相指出作文中的缺点,并指出改进意见。在此基础上重新再写,从而使学生每写一篇都有收获。
写出诚实的自己的话
“写诚实的自己的话”是老教育家叶圣陶先生说的。旨在营造“自主”作文的五彩世界。所谓“自主”就是不受条条框框的限制,让学生无拘无束的思想,自由自在的写作。“自主”作文就是“言为心声”,率性而为,展现自我的风采,体现鲜明的个性。
应当脱离作文教学的陈旧方式,可以让学生在“自主”状态下写作,褪去矫揉造作、模仿穿凿,赋予其鲜活的想象力,丰富的创造力,等待收获的将是缤纷的色彩,清新的果实和勃勃的生机。
写作时,课堂上常发生这样的情况:有的学生文思枯竭,三言两语就把要说的倾倒完了,干干瘪瘪;有的学生却思绪绵绵,脑子里如有活水,或潺潺流淌,或波澜起伏,笔下洋洋洒洒。究其原因,与写作材料充足与否当然有密切关系,然而,切不可忽视另一重要因素,即想象力发挥得如何。
根据近代脑生理的研究,人的大脑可分为四个功能部位,即感受部位、判断部位、储存部位和想象部位。就多数人而言,前三个部位注意开发,想象部位比较忽视。据研究测试,一般人只用了自身想象力的15%,潜力很大。学写作,就要重视想象力的发展。人们说,科学是从想象开始的,如果人们不幻想能像乌一样飞,像鱼一样游,哪来今日的飞机、潜艇?写文章也一样,发挥想象力,让思想插上双翅飞翔,就能上下求索,神游八荒,获得十分丰富的写作材料。
开展想象应选择不定向的、跳跃式的、自由自在的方式,也就是浮想联翩,不受限制地思考。一般地说,人们思考问题常常是按一定的常规、一定的角度进行,思维的范围比较窄,而想象却不是按部就班地思考,是不受任何拘束放开来想,思维充分发散。思维发散,头脑中就能形成许多从来没见过的事物形象,创造出前所未有的新形象。
写作文常犯的简单错误
小学生写作文,最常犯的错误,就是作文偏题或离题。
另一个常见的毛病是文笔不好,词汇不够,如果再加上内容“天马行空”,胡乱写一篇现实生活中不可能发生的事,或捣蛋、有负面影响的作文,那可就惨了。
几个原因:
(1)选材不恰当:尤其是看图作文,没有照发挥,而是任意“创作”。
(2)词汇不够:形容“开心”的事,通篇都是“开心”,没有别的形容词;
(3)句子不通顺:尤其是英语式华语,例如“小丽掉了课本”(正确是“小丽的课本掉了”)。
(4)构思不完整、详略不当:开头写了一大半,来到主题中心思想时却两句话带过,结尾更是草草了事,犯了主题不突出的毛病。
(5)观察力不够,描写不深入:例如描写弟弟顽皮,没有举例具体说明。
小学作文:看图作文最容易
窍门:依照个别的造句,然后将个别的造句串连起来,加上一些连贯词汇、描写和形容词等,便能达到基本要求。
中学作文:叙述文最易掌握
窍门:先不要考虑、担忧字数,一口气把一个人(例如我敬爱的人)、一件事(例如我难忘的事)描述和交待清楚,只要达到文字通顺就可及格;如在内容及技巧上下功夫,还可拿高分。
学生经常出现的错误包括抓不到重点、词汇不够、题材不够、联想力差等。 应多加练习。
家长的鼓励很重要,并且要给孩子正确的信息:“只要肯学,我一定能学好作文”,那么学作文的过程,必能胜任愉快。