高考宾语从句_高考宾语从句语法填空

1.名词性从句中的关系代词是怎么回事

2.高考什么的从句的that 可以省略， 具体做什么成分？

3.高考英语语法的考点都有哪些

4.You can’t imagine ______ when I received your letter. A．how excited I was B．how excited wa

5.When asked to explain _____ he did to make his students so fascinated with his lessons, the tea...

6.It is difficult to tell exactly ____ the saying began, but it is probable that it was in the th...

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名词性从句

名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。

(一)引导名词性从句的连接词

1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。

2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。

3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。

注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。

(二)主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。

e.g. Who will go is not important.

2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。

e.g. It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

(三)表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。

e.g. The question was who could go there.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。

e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

(四)宾语从句

1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。

e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.

2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或 whether。

e.g. I'm interested in whether you've finished the work..

I'm interested in what you've said.

3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。

e.g. I wonder if it doesn't rain.

②用if 会引起误解,就要用whether。

e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句理解)

③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。

e.g. I don't know whether or not the report is true.

I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not.

④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。

e.g. It depends on whether we he enough time.

They don't know whether to go there.

Please come to see me if you he time.

(五)同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。

e.g. I he no idea when he will be back.

The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

练习:名词性从句

一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句,并指出是什么从句:

1. China is no longer what it used to be.

2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.

3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.

4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.

5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disointing.

7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.

8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.

9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?

10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.

二、用适当的连词填空:

1. I can't decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.

2. That's ____________ he refused my invitation.

3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

4. ____________ we need is more time.

5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.

7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.

8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?

9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?

10. I don't know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.

三、选择填空:

1. Do you see _____ I mean?

A. that B./ C. how D. what

2. Tell me_____ is on your mind.

A. that B. what C. which D. why

3. We must stick to _____ we he agreed on.

A. what B. that C. / D. how

4. Let me see _____.

A. that can I repair the radio B. whether -I can repair the radio

C. I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radio

5. Keep in mind _____.

A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say

C. that did the teacher say D. what the teacher said

6. Could you advise me _____?

A. which book should I read first B. what book should I read first

C. that book 1 should read first D. which book I should read first

7. He was criticized for _____.

A. he had done it B. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it

8. Would you kindly tell me _____?

A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station

C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.

A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in China

C. what she had seen in China D. which had she seen in China

10. We took it for granted ___

A. that they were not coming B. that were they not coming

C. they were coming not D. were they not coining

11. I really don't know _____

A. I should do next B. what should I do next

C. what I should do next D. how I should do next

12. I'm afraid _____.

A. the little girl will he to be operated on

B. that will the little girl he to operate on

C. the little girl will he to operate on

D. that will the little girl he to be operated on

13. She walked up to _____ .

A. where did I stand B. where I stood

C. I stood there D. where I stood there

14. Can you tell me _____?

A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is D. whom .is that gentleman

15. We'll give you _____.

A. that do you need B. what do you need

C. whatever you need D. whether do you need

16. They want us to know _____ to help us.

A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they

17. We must put _____ into practice.

A. what we he learned B. that we he learned

C. that he we learned D. what he we learned

18. Did she say anything about _____?

A. that the work was to be done B. how was the work to be done

C. that was the work to be done D. how the work was to be done

19. He was never satisfied with _____.

A. what she had achieved B. had what she achieved

C. she had achieved D. that she achieved

20. These photographs will show you _____.

A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.

A. on that B. what C. that D. on which

22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.

A. when B. where C. why D. that

23. We wish we could he learned _____ when we were at high school.

A. what you did B. that you had done

C. that what you did D. what did you do

24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.

A. what B. that C. which D./

25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.

A. what 1 know of him B. that I do know of him

C. what do I know of him D. that do I know of him

26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to he it.

A. whomever B. anyone C. whoever D. someone

27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.

A. What B. That C. When D. Where

28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.

A. Who B. The thing C. Whatever D. Where

29. It is still a question _____ we shall he our sports meet.

A. if B. that C. what D. when

30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.

A. If or not B. Whether or not C. If D. That

31. It is strange _____ she he left without saying a word.

A. that B. what C. why D. how

32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.

A. what B. that C. why D. where

33. _____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.

A. That B. When C. What D. Whether

34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.

A. if B. whether C. why D. that

35. It doesn' t matter _____he' s come back or not.

A. if B. whether C. that D. when

36. It's a great pity _____ we won't be able to finish the task on time.

A. when B. that C. why D. where

37. It hened _____ I wasn't there that day.

A. when B. why C. where D. that

38._____ you he done might do harm to other people.

A. What B. That C. Which D. The things

39. _____ lees the room last ought to turn oft the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D.Who

40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.

A. Whether B. If C. Whenever D. That

41. _____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.

A. That B. Whoever C. Whether D. Whether or not

42. __ we need more equipment is quite obvious.

A. What B. Whether C. That D. Whatever

43. Has it been announced _____?

A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off

C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off

44. That is _____ we all support his idea.

A. what B. why C. where D. when

45. That's _____ we should do.

A. that B. what C. how D. why

46. _____ is troubling me is _____ I don't understand _____ he said

A. What; that; what B. What; what; what

C. That; that; what D. Why; that; which

47. Things were not _____ they seemed to be.

A. when B. why C. that D. what

48. That's _____ I want to say.

A. all what B. what C. all which D. what that

49. That's _____ .

A. where our differences lie B. our differences lie there

C. where do our differences lie D. that where our differences lie

50. That is _____ .

A. where lived he there B. where did he live

C. where he lived D. that where he lived

51. The questions is _____.

A. whether is it worth doing B. that if it is worth doing

C. whether it is worth doing D. if it is worth doing

52. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.

A. how B. which C. what D. as

53. That's_____.

A. how did I become a teacher B. how I became a teacher

C. how a teacher I became D. that I became a teacher

54. They are just _____.

A. that what shall I he B. what shall I he

C. that I shall he what D. what I shall he

55. It looked ____.

A. as if it was going to rain B. that as if it was going to rain

C. as if was it going to rain D. as if that it was going to rain

56. That's_____.

A. how she did it B. that how did she do it.

C. how did she do it D. what she did it

57. That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.

A. where B. which C. that D. why

58. That's _____ I lived when I was ten years old.

A. where B. at which C. there where D. when

59. My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.

A. if B. that C. when that D. that where

60. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.

A. what B. that C. why D. if

61. We heard the news _____ our team had won.

A. that B. what C. whether D. why

62. The fact _____ he hadn't said anything surprised us all.

A. why B. if C. that D. whether

63.I he no idea _____ she will be back.

A. that B. where C. that when D. when

64. We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.

A. whether B. that C. why D. when

65. They he no idea at all _____.

A. where he has gone B. where did he go

C. where has he gone D. which place he has gone 《高中英语语法-名词性从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:s://.liuxue86/english/

名词性从句中的关系代词是怎么回事

定语从句是中学英语学习的主要语法内容之一，也是高考英语的常考知识点。在历年的高考试题中，相对集中地考查了非限定性定语从句、关系代（副）词的用法、语义重复、主谓一致及“介词＋which（whom）”等有关定语从句的知识。下面以近十年来全国及上海高考题为例，谈谈定语从句的主要考点及其热点问题。

一、非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点，99年和2000年都有这类考题。

1．引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用 which（不用that）。例如（MET91）：

She heard the terrible noise ，____ brought her heart into her mouth．

A．it B．which C．this D．that

答案是B，which指代前面的先行词 noise，引导非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

2．有时引导词which可以指前面整个句子的含义。例如（NMET2000）：

Dorothy was always spe aking highly of her role in the play，____ ，of course ， made the others unhy．

A．who B．which C．this D．what（Key：B）

3．除which外，还可用when，where ， who（m）等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。例如：

Finally I decided to stay in Chong qing， where I finished my college study．

4．在限定性定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可以省略，但引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省。例如：

He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother，whom he loved as his own mother．

5．置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导，而置于句末时as和which都可用。例如（上海高考题94）：

____ is known to all，China will be an ____ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years'time ．

A．That；advancing B．This ；advanced C．As；advanced D．It；advancing

答案是C。但是当非限定性定语从句是否定意义时，只能用which引导。例如（NM ET94）：

The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect．

A．what B．which C．that D．if

答案是B，句中的more than的本意为“超过”，“超过了我的预料”即为“我没有预料到”。这里不能用as代替which。

二、先行词是表地点或时间的名词时，引导词的选择。例如（NMET96）：

After living in Paris for 50years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child．

A．which B．where C．that D．when

答案是B，因为表地点的先行词the small town在从句中作状语；当表地点的先行词在从句中作主、宾、表语时，则要用that或which引导定语从句。例如：

①I visited the country which ／that had been bombed by the US-led NATO（美国为首的北约）a month before ．

②I shall never forget the years ____ I lived in the countryside with the farmers ，____ has a great effect on my life ．（上海高考题94）

A．that；which B．when；which C．which；that D．when；who（Ke y：B）

③I'll never forget the ye ars that ／which I spent with my cousin in Australia．

先行词the years在第②句中作时间状语，在第③句中作spe nt的宾语，此时引导词 that ／which可省略。

三、“介词＋关系代词（which ／whom）”引导的定语从句。例如（上海高考题95）：

In the office I neve r seem to he time until after 5：30 pm ____ ，many people he gone home ．

A．whose time B．that C．on which D．by which time

答案是D，by which time即by“after 5：30”“到五点三十分以后”。介词的选择，取决于这个介词与先行词或从句之间的关系。又如：

Lei Feng ，from whom we he once learned a lot，is now an example to the soldiers of West Point Military School（西点军校）of America．

关系代词前的介词from，与从句的谓语动词le arn构成习惯表达le arn from（向……学习）。

四、语义的重复。例如（上海高考题98）：

He made another wonderful discovery，____ of great importance to science ．

A．which I think is B．which I think it is C．which I think it D．I think is

答案是A。选项B重复了宾语it，因为关系代词which是think的逻辑宾语；此外，引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省略，故选项D也不对。

五、“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句与 who ／whom引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时的区别。试比较：

It was a matter of ____ would take the position．（上海高考题96）

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

Kennedy and Johnson，both of were murde red in their terms，once coworked as president and vice -president．

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

答案分别为A和C。前者是宾语从句， who引导的整个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，同时who在从句中作主语，所以不能用 whom引导。后者是定语从句，whom作介词 of的宾语（所以不能用who引导），构成介、宾结构，作both的定语，而both才是定语从句的主语。

六、定语从句中的主谓一致问题。试比较：

The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

The Oscar is one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

A．which is on B．that he not been C．that has not D．that has not been

答案分别是D和B。前一例的先行词是 the only one，且指代它的引导词在从句中作主语，故从句的谓语动词必须用单数；又因先行词one被only修饰，所以只能用that引导。当one没有被the only或the very等修饰时，则介词of后面的the film prize s是先行词，从句中的谓语动词就必须用复数，而且引导词既可用that也可用which（第二例）。总之，当引导词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应该与该主语保持一致。 宾语从句在剧中作及物动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if,代词who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why等。1． 作动词的宾语u 由that 引导的宾语从句（that通常可以省略）如：I heard that he joined the army. u 由what, whether, if 引导的宾语从句She didn’t know what had hened.I wonder whether you can change this note for me.u 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.2． 作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3． 作形容词的宾语I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. that 引导的从句场跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, contend等4． It 作为形式宾语We heard it that she would get married next month. I think it necessary that we ask for our teacher’s advice on how to do this project. 5． 否定转移I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不合适你穿。6．在表示“命令、建议、请求”等动词，（suggest, recommend, insist, request等）后的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，即should+ 动词原形。He suggested that we (should) make a decision as early as possible.

高考什么的从句的that 可以省略， 具体做什么成分？

1、知识图谱

种类 形式

主语从句 1、多数是it作形式主语,主语从句放在主句之后。

2、that在句首引导主语从句时不可省。

表语从句 1、跟在系动词be, seem, look等之后。

2、除常见的疑问代词、副词外,连词as if, because也可以引导表语从句。

同位语从句 后跟同位语从句的抽象名词有:idea, news, fact, promise, answer, belief, condition, dou, hope, fear, proof, question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth等。

宾语从句 1、从句在及物动词或介词后面作宾语。

2、从句在某些表语形容词后面作宾语,如sure, hy, glad, certain等

2、重点难点

① 考查主句和从句之间连接词的使用,尤其是that, if, whether, what, whatever等连接词。

② 主句和从句中时态的一致。

③ 以疑问代词、疑问副词引导的名词性从句的语序问题。

④ 各种从句含义、结构上的差别。

3、热点冷点

① that在名词性从句中的几种使用情况,何时可省,何时不可省。

② 区别易混淆连词,如that和what,whether和if,what和which等。

[经典与原创]

[例1](2005重庆高考)

The lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.

A. when; how B. how; when

C. how; how D. why; why

[互动] 本题考查根据句意选择正确的名词性从句的引导词。从句子结构看,两个空格处都是引导宾语从句的连接副词。第一空后面的从句已有明确的时间状语,因此填how较合适,作为病人不可能知道病因故why不合适;第二空后面的从句用的是完成时态,故when也不合适,而放弃工作的原因很明确,故why也不对。因此只有C正确。

[答案]C

[小结] 选择正确的词引导从句一定要从句意、句子结构,甚至时态多方面综合考虑。

[例2] ______ you'll be able to succeed mainly depends on ______ you do and ______ you do it.

A. If; what; why B. Whether; how; why

C. That; whether; how D. Whether; what; how

[互动]考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,第二空应该是做do的宾语,引导on后面的宾语从句,只能用what,第三空应该是do it的方式状语,用how,那么第一空则应该是个主语从句,一般疑问句改成主语从句只能用whether引导,不能用if。

[答案]D

[小结]if只能用来引导条件状语从句和宾语从句,whether可以用来引导让步状语从句和所有类型的名词性从句。要熟练掌握各个连词、疑问代词、疑问副词可以引导的各种类型的从句,以利于在上下文语境中选择一个从含义到结构都符合句子的引导词。

1. 考查名词性从句。第一个空既要做understand的宾语又要引导一个主语从句,只能用what,that无此功能,因此排除B,C、D也不对,因为前后搭配不对。本句意思是"她不理解的是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣"。 "…的原因是…"用句型:the reason why… is that…。

2. 本题考查no matter引导的让步状语从句和whoever引导的名词性从句。句子结构可看出,前后两部分缺的是主语和宾语,因此不能用no matter来引导,而要用whoever引导的名词性从句。至于A项中的Anyone后面如果有who这一关系代词也是正确的。

3. 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,前半部分是个主语从句,当主语是陈述句放在句首时,一定要用That来引导,后半部分是个表语从句,因为引导词同时要做expected的宾语,因此用what。whether引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句时,不能由if替代。

4. what he could后省略了do,what引导的是宾语从句。不定式to help作目的状语,表示"尽力帮助某人"经常用do what one can to help sb.或者do all/everything (that) one can to help sb.

5. 根据句意:"守信"的意思是你做你曾经告诉过某人你要做的事。第一空应该是个既能做do的宾语,又能做told的直接宾语的词,what是个合适的词,而that不行,因其引导宾语从句时不能做从句的一个成分。第二空后面是个定语从句,其先行词是前面的宾语从句what you he told someone。

6. 试把本句拆分成如下两句:He was trying to find ______; ______ so many people had failed to find.这时候就不难看出所缺的词都是做find的宾语,而在题干中还要引导一个宾语从句,很容易知道用what。

由本题可以受到一些启发,出题的人通常会用不同的句式来把题干中的句子复杂化,因此我们在解题时可以反其道而行之,比如:把复杂句变成简单句,把疑问句变成陈述句,把倒装句变成正常语序,把被动语态变成主动语态,把省略句补充完整等。

7. 考查宾语从句中关系词的省略问题。本题考查宾语从句。一般来说陈述句做宾语从句时由that来引导,而且常可省略,但当宾语从句不止一个时是不能省的。同样地,多个that引导定语从句时,第一个作宾语的that可以省,但后面的that不可以省。

8. 考查两个知识点,一是宾语从句的语序,二是"看起来像"用什么结构。宾语从句用陈述语气,因此排除A、C两项,"看起来像"用what… look like。表达"看起来怎么样"的常用句型有:What is… like? What do you think of…? How is…? How do you find…? How do you like…?

在名词性从句中,不论是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句,尽管有疑问词引导,语序还是陈述句的语序。

9. 考查用正确的关连词引导从句。分析本题结构可知是考查宾语从句。I would do后面跟宾语从句,whatever在宾语从句中做can (do)的宾语。whatever还可以引导让步状语从句,如:Whatever you say, I won't believe you.

10. 考查对句子结构的分析能力。根据主谓一致原则,首先排除C、D,然后从句子结构分析可知这是个主语从句,由it做形式主语,而且是it is declared…句型,只是以疑问句形式出现增加了难度,真正的主语是how many引导的从句,从句中的时间状语up to now"到目前为止",应该用现在完成时。当主语是个较长的句子或短语时,常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面,但依然是主语从句,如:Does it make any difference where we shall he the meeting?

11. 考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,and后面的句中有主语从句,但it, which都不能引导主语从句,that引导主语从句时不在从句中充当成分,而题中需要一个能在主语从句中做主语的代词,只能是what。what's worse = to make things even worse"让事情更糟的是",在句中常作插入语。

12. who、 whom 、whose 、what、 which、 whoever、 whatever、 whichever 等均可以引导主语从句,但who、 whom、 whose、what 、which引导主语从句时,含有疑问的意思;whoever、whatever 、whichever在引导主语从句时没有疑问色彩,而又强调的意思,解释为"无论谁、无论什么、无论哪个",如:

Who broke the window is still unknown.

Whoever broke the window will be punished.

13. 考查考生分析句子结构的能力。首先要理解句子的意思"你在抢劫案发生两天以后才来报案,怎么会有这样的事?",当句子的主语太长时,我们常用it来作形式主语,而把that引导的真正的主语从句放在后面。come about意思是"发生"。做形式主语或形式宾语时只能用it,不能用别的代词。

14. 本题考查seem一词的用法。从句子结构来看需要一个形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,因此排除B、C,如果题干中是more difficulty,那么用D存在句There seems to be。A是一个seem引导的表语从句,从句中的it做形式主语。

15. 本题考查表语从句的用法,A. there不能引导表语从句,C. there where, there之后不能用where引导的从句来修饰,D. where there, 既用了引导词where就不能用there, 故也排除。

16. come up是固定词组,意思是"提出;出现"。从句子结构分析,本句含有同位语从句,说明question的具体内容,从句中成分完整,因此排除B、C,提出疑问不该用that引导的陈述句,因此排除A。

17. 可以从理解句子意思着手,句子的意思是"Lily想好了长大后做什么",因此idea后面的句子就是Lily的想法,跟idea之间是同位语关系,在这个同位语从句中需要一个词来做be的宾语,that引导的同位语通常是个陈述句,as引导状语从句或非限制性定语从句,which的含义不对,只有what从结构和意义上符合题目要求。

同位语从句和定语从句的区别:

① that在定语从句中是关系代词,充当主语或宾语;而在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,没有具体词义。试比较:

The news that our team had won the game excited us. (同位语从句)

The news that he told us was unbelievable. (定语从句,that指代news,在从句中作宾语)

② 同位语从句的作用是对前面的名词进行解释说明,它所表达的概念在内涵上等同其中心词;定语从句则不行。

③ 同位语从句的另外一个特点是可以用中心词作主语,把同位语从句改为表语从句;定语从句则不行。如上面第一个例句可改成:The news was that our team had won the game.

18. 本题中的名词the order后面跟的是that引导的同位语从句,order后面的同位语从句和表语从句要用should +动词原形表示虚拟语气(should可以省略),类似名词还有suggestion, advice, request等,此类名词的动词形式后面跟宾语从句时也要用should+动词原形(should可以省略),如order, suggest, require, demand, insist等。如:

The doctor suggested that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.

My idea/suggestion is that he (should) accept the job.

19. insist后可以接that宾语从句,可表示两种意思:

1)"坚持说",后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用陈述语气。例如:

The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel.

这位阿拉伯人坚持说他从来没看见过这骆驼。

2)"坚持要","坚持要求",后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。例如:

He insisted that I (should) lie down for a while.

他坚持要我躺一会儿。

本题中的insist属于第二种情况。

20. 这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句,介词of的宾语是后面的整个句子,引导词同时作从句的主语,因此不能用whom,而应该用who。句子意思是"这关系到谁将得到这个位置的问题"。

who引导名词性从句的同时,还保存本身疑问的含义,即 "谁"。例如:

Who will attend the meeting has not been decided. 谁将去参加这个会议还没有定下来。

而whoever没有疑问的意思,相当于the person / anyone who。引导名词性从句的还有whatever, whichever。例如:

Whoever lees the classroom last should turn off the light. 不管谁最后离开教室都应把灯关了。

至于no matter who/what等只能引导状语从句。试比较:

No matter who has broken the law should be punished. (×)

Whoever has broken the law should be punished. (√)

21. 从下文的回答of course来看,第一个人说话应该是怀疑的语气,而A、B、C都是较为肯定的语气,只有D,I dou if表示怀疑。dou"怀疑"后面跟宾语从句时,如果主语是肯定句,从句用if/whether引导,如果主句是否定句,从句用that来引导,同样地,dou的同位语从句、表语从句也是如此,常用于There is no dou that…或There is some dou whether…,注意if不能引导除宾语从句以外的任何名词性从句,所以dou后面的同位语用whether而不用if来引导。如:

I don't dou ____ Mary will devote all her spare time ____ her lessons.

A. that; to go over B. that; to going over

C. if; to go over D. whether; to going over

答案B

22. question的用法与dou相似。主句是否定含义时,question后面的从句用that来引导,不过当主句是肯定含义时,question后面的名词性从句除了用whether来引导外还可以用其他疑问词来引导,来提问不同的句子成分。如:

There is no question that he will succeed. 他会成功是勿容置疑的。

It is still a question ______ we shall he our sports meet.

A. if B. that C. what D. when

答案D

23. idea后面是个同位语从句,根据句子意思用that最合适。后面跟同位语从句的抽象名词常有:idea, news, fact, promise, answer, belief, condition, dou, hope, fear, proof, question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth等。

24. suppose = supposing = supposing that,意为"定;如",用作连词。suppose (that)…或者Let's suppose (that)…句型里是宾语从句,但通常表示一个祈使句,意思是"(让我们)设",宾语从句里可以用陈述语气,也可以用虚拟语气,本题中的be动词用were就是虚拟语气,主句里的would是对将来的虚拟。

25. 从结构上看是个表语从句,从句子上下文的意思来看是询问原因,因此用why,意思是"这就是你为什么离开了几天的原因吗?"

26. 从句子的结构来看空格及后面是作give的宾语,而且所缺的引导词作wants的宾语,因此排除A、D,whichever和whatever都可以作主语、宾语、表语,区别在于:which(ever)表示在一定范围内的选择,即在给定或特指的、有明确界限的事物中选择;而what表示不相属,即没有确定范围。试比较:

She showed me two skirts and asked me what I would like to take. (×)

She showed me two skirts and asked me which I would like to take. (√)

根据上面的解释,本题应该用whatever。

27. 本题结构较复杂,wish后面跟的是个宾语从句,用虚拟语气,在这个大的宾语从句里是个小的宾语从句what you did作would he learned的宾语。本句的意思是"真希望我们在学校里能学到你做的事情"。

28. that引导同位语从句,谓语动词goes将The story和that从句隔开,增加了解题难度。类似结构还有Word came that…"消息传来"。

注意:that引导名词性从句时既无语法功能,也无词汇意义,只是引导词。

29. wondering后面是宾语从句,引导词在从句中作expects的宾语,但又作will win的主语,因此不能用whom,应填who。

30. 根据问句提问的是what作about的宾语,因此用whether引导宾语从句,注意此时不能用if替代whether,因为if不能作介词宾语。

31. chance后面是that引导的同位语从句,chance意思是"可能性",再如:

There is no chance that it rain today. = There is no chance of rain today. 今天下雨的可能性不大。

chance后面也可以有表语从句,如:

Chances are that he has already arrived. 他可能已经到了。

chance用作形容词表示"偶然的"时,还可以用在含有主语从句的复合句中,如:

It was pure chance that we won the game. 我们赢得这场比赛是偶然的。

32. whether引导主语从句作lies in的主语,lie in"在于;取决于",本句意思是"出版社是否出版这本书取决于它的质量"。

33. 根据下一句意"事实上他还很虚弱"可知as if后要用虚拟语气,had got是has got的虚拟语气。as if引导表语从句通常在一些感官系动词之后,如seem/look/sound/taste as if等,从句中可以根据情况用陈述或虚拟语气。

34. 本题是个否定转移的含有宾语从句的复合句,从句式上看B、D用了否定转移是正确的,但B错在宾语从句的时态不对,D错在动词词组用bring about含义不对。A、C用little来表示否定也是可以的,但C中用的动词词组bring forward含义不对。只有A正确。

① 否定转移:当think后面的宾语从句是否定意义时,宾语从句常用肯定形式,而在主句中用否定形式,语法上把这种现象叫做否定转移。需要否定转移的词还有believe, suppose, guess, imagine等。如:

I don't think it's a waste of money. 我认为那不是浪费钱。

I don't believe he has tried his best. 我相信他还没有尽力。

② 双重疑问句:疑问词+do you think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine…?,从句中语序依然是陈述语序,如:

Who do you think can answer this question? 你认为谁能回答这个问题?

Where do you think I can get a job? 你认为我可以在哪里找到一个工作?

What do you think they should do to solve their problem? 你认为他们该做什么来解决问题?

When do you think they will start? 你认为他们何时出发?

35. 考查宾语从句中语序方面的特殊情况。宾语从句中what the matter was意思是"这种物质是什么",而what's the matter意思是"怎么回事,怎么了"。或to see what's wrong with…或to see what the problem with… was。

36. 根据搭配be pleased with sth.因此排除A、D,"我们做的事" what we he done = all (that) we he done,"我们说的话"all we he said = what we he said.

37. 根据句子末尾的for,其后应该跟代词作宾语,故可以排除A、C、D,有时把for提前,for what = why。

38. 本题容易错把countries当成是先行词,误选A。其实in some countries是整个句子的地点状语,而主语是what从句,意思是"在有些国家,被称为是public schools的学校并非为公家所有"。

39. 从句子结构及含义分析,空格处是by的宾语从句,A错在从句没有主语,B错在that在从句中不能作任何成分,D错在语序,本句意思是"对于在中国看到的史密斯先生留下了很深的印象"。

40. 是what引导的表语从句,本句意思是"水的重要性今天仅次于氧气,并将继续次于氧气"。

41. 题中的suggest意思是"暗示;表明",后跟从句用陈述语气,而当suggest表示"建议"时,用虚拟语气。本句中的suggest属于前者。

42. 本句意思是:认为知道自己事实上不知道的东西是个在错误。此句中的所缺的部分是作know的宾语,而且作you don't (know)的宾语。整个句子的主语是动名词Thinking短语,谓语动词和单数形式。

43. 本句意思是"我相信你已经尽力并且(我相信)情况会好转"。及物动词后有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个连词that可以省略。

44. 本题是个where引导的主语从句,it是形式主语,真正的主语where从句被放在后面以避免头重脚轻,意思是"我去哪里避暑真的不关你的事"。

45. 句子意思是"这个课程中学生必须学的许多东西不是在课堂上提供的",选B错在主谓不一致,选C错在应该用倒装,D项没有这种说法,all that = what。本题选A,what从句作of的宾语从句。

46. 从句子结构分析,wonders后面是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,能起连接作用并作主语的只有what。句子意思是"尽管Emma对她的成功很满意,但她想知道她的个人生活会怎样"。

47. 本题非正常的语序给解题增加了难度。答句的正常语序是I'm not sure at the moment when I'll he time,原来是个when引导的宾语从句!

48. 从结构和含义分析fear后面应该是个同位语从句,用that 来引导补充说明fear的内容。本句意思是"医生们尽力减少人们担心自己被感染上目前被称为SARS的疾病的恐惧"。

49. 本题中的答句里的little含有否定含义,因此dou后面的同位语从句应该用that来引导,详见21题解释。本句意思是"事实上我对此几乎没有什么怀疑"。

高考英语语法的考点都有哪些

首先that可以引导两种从句：名词性从句和定语从句名词性从句中that不做从句成分，后面接一个完整的句子，只起引导作用；定语从句中，that要做从句中的成分并且引导整个句子。名词性从句，包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。只有当that引导宾语从句并且只有一个宾语从句的情况下可以省略，如果这个that引导两个宾语从句那么第二个的that就不可以省略。例如：我知道你在这里，我也知道你不会离开。i know (that) you are here and that you will not lee.第二个that如果省去的话就会影响句意和句子结构。定语从句中，that指代所修饰的名词在定语从句中做宾语的话，就可以省略。

You can’t imagine ______ when I received your letter. A．how excited I was B．how excited wa

高中语法主要有主谓一致、冠词、代词、连词、介词、动词短语、情态动词、时态语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、动词、从句等。

高考英语语法考点

一、定语从考点

1．which引导的代表整个主句内容的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句时可代表主句内容，前面有逗号与主句隔开。

例句：The CCTV’s 2010 Entertainment Party was successfullyheld on the evening of February 13th，2010， which wasanother great encouragement to all the Chinese．中央电视台2010年春节文娱晚会于2010年2月13日晚成功举行，这对全体中国人民来说又是一个巨大的鼓舞。

2．特定词汇+of whom ，which引导的非限制性定语从句介词(包括复杂介词)，数词(包括数量代词)及其它含局部与整体关系的特定词~E+of whom(指人)／which(指物)可以引导非限制性定语从句，此时前面不可加and，but等连词，该结构也可改为of whom ／which+特定词汇引导定语从句。

例句：Our English teacher has three daughters，all of whom ／ofwhom all are considerate．

我们的英语老师有三个女儿，个个都很善解人意

3．由when．where引导的先行词隐蔽度比较高的定语从句历年的高考考查实践表明，增加定语从句难度的手段之一是增加先行词的隐蔽度，如用point，case，situation等抽象的地点名词做先行词，当其在定语从句中做地点状语时用where引导定语从句的判断难度会增加，用occasion，period等表示抽象时间的名词做先行词，当其在定语从句中做时间状语时用when引导定语从句的判别难度也会增加。

例句：I’m sorry that I can’t think out a situation where thiskind of deion is used．

对不起我想不出这种描绘被使用的场合。

二、名词性从句考点

1．what引导的名词性从句

what可引导名词性从句，表示“. ·-的内容(人、时间、地点、价格、速度、方式等)”。The Great Wall of China is what I most want to visit．长城是我最想参观的地方。

2. that引导的同位语从句

that可引导同位语从句，说明被修饰名词的内容。

例句：Word hascome that the sports meeting will be put of．

有消息说运动会将被推迟。

3．whatever．whoever引导的名词性从句 whatever和whoever可引导名词Jl生从句，前者表示“无论什么 ，后者表示“不管谁 。

例句：You can give the book to whoever you think needs it．

你可以把这本书给任何你认为需要这本书的人。

4．whether,if引导的名词性从句

if只可引导宾语从句且不能和or not连用。whether可引导各种名词性从句且可和or not连用。

例句：When shall we discuss the question whether we will hea picnic next week?

我们什么时候讨论下周是否搞一次野餐的问题?

三、状语从句考点

1．where引导的地点状语从句

where可引导地点状语从句，表示“在..的地方 。0ur school lies where there is a small river．我们学校位于有一条小河的地方。

2．before引导的时间状语从句

before引导时间状语从句时可表示“在..之前，尚未来得及，趁 。

例句：Thenaughty boy had run away before I could call him tostop．

我还没有来得及叫住他，这个调皮男孩就跑开了。

3．unless．as／so long as引导的条件状语从句

unless，as／so long as可弓I导条件状语从句，前者表示。除非 ，后者表示“只要 。

例句：As／So long as you treat them truly，you can win overtheir respect．

只要你真诚地对待他们，你会赢得他们的尊敬。

4 . so that．in case引导的目的状语从句

so that，in ease可引导目的状语从旬，前者表示“以便”，后者表示“以免 。

例句：Please close all the doors and windows in ease it willrain．

请关上所有门窗，以防天会下雨。

5．while引导的让步状语从句

while可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。

例句：While this problem is very difficult，it is very important．

尽管这道题很难，却很重要。

四、情态动词考点

1．推测性情态动词用法

may(可许，可能)，might(可许，可能)，must(一定，必定)，can(或许，可能)均有推测性用法，其中might可能性最小，must可能性最大。may，might，must常用于肯定句，may，might用于否定句可表示“可能不 ，can常用于否定句和疑问句，用于否定句表示 不可能 。

例句：— — Can the man standing there be OUY physics teacher?

— — No．he can’t be our physics teacher．

— — 站在那边的那个人可能是我们的物理老师吗?

— — 不，不可能。

2．should的用法

should常表示“应该”，但可置于句首用于条件状语从句(省去if)，表示。万一 ，还可表示 竟然

例句：Should you see the thiel,try to catch him．如果你见到小偷，尽量捉住他。

3．may，must，earl’t，should (shouldn’t)，ought to(oughtn’tto)．needn’t的完成式用法m he done表示“可能已经做了某事 ，must he done表示“一定已经做了某事”，can’t he done表示“不可能已经做了某事”，should／ought to he done表示“本来应该做某事但实际未做 ，shouldn’t／oughtn’t to he done表示 本来不应该做某事但实际已做”，Ileedn’t he done表示“本来没有必要做某事但实际已做”。

例句：Our Chinese teacher isn’t in her offlee，so she may ／might／must he gone home．

我们的语文老师不在办公室，所以她可能／-～定回家了。

五、倒装句型考点

1．完全倒装句型考点

地点状语置于句首时需要使用完全倒装句型，将动词直接提前。

例句：At the back of our school stands a high tower．

我们学校后面矗立着一座高塔。

SO(肯定句中表示“也”)，neither，IOF(否定旬中表示“也”)，80.that. (引导结果状语从句)j only(不修饰主句)，no[only.but also. (不连接主语，连接两个分旬时第一个分旬倒装，第二个分句不倒装)，not until，Never，hardly，little，hardly.when.， SO SO01qe／"than，not a，nowhere，in no ease等词或短语置于句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。

例句：Only then did we realize the harm of pollution．

只有在那时我们才意识到污染的危害。

2．as引导的特殊倒装句型

as引导让步状语从句时可将表语、动词、副词提前，将as紧随其后。如果表语为单数可数名词，提前时应去掉不定冠词。

例句：Weak as she was，she still went on working．

尽管她身体虚弱，仍继续工作。

六、虚拟语气考点

1．与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件状语从句与过去事实相反时，从句动词用had done，主句动词用would，could，should，might he done，当从句动词含有were，had，could，should时可将其提至句首将if省略。

例句：Had I known it at that time，I would he told you．

如果那时我知道这件事一定告诉了你。

2．混合虚拟条件从句

如果if虚拟条件状语主从句时态不一致，应根据各自所体现的时间关系加以适当的调整，用不同的动词形式。

例句：If she had told me her telephone number yesterday，Icould phone her now．

如果她昨天把她的电话号码告诉了我，我现在就可以给她打电话了。

3．with．without．but for引导的含蓄虚拟条件从句with，without，but for可取代if引导含蓄虚拟条件从句。

例句：With your help，I could he made more achievements．

如果得到你的帮助，我一定会取得更多成就。

4．wish引导的表示过去主观愿望的宾语从句

wish引导宾语从句时如果表示过去的主观愿望，从句动词应用had done或could he done。

例句：I wish I had ／could he watched that basketball matchyesterdayafternoon．

我希望我昨天下午看了那场篮球赛。

5．insist，suggest引导的宾语从句

insist，suggest接宾语从若表示建议应用虚拟语气，动词形式为(should)do，但如果insist表示 坚持认为，固执己见 ，suggest表示。表明、暗示 ，所在宾语从句应用陈述语气。

例句：Thedoctor insisted that the patient was seriously ill and(should)be 0Dcrated 0n at once． 医生坚持认为病人病得很严重，建议其立即做手术。

七、不定式考点

1．不定式做目的状语

不定式可做目的状语，如果对其强调可将其提至句首，此时应注意人称一致。

为了及时赶到那里，她将自行车骑得很快。

误：T0 get there in time．her bike waS ridden fast．

正：To get there in time．she rode her bike fast．

2．不定式做结果状语

不定式可做结果状语，强调出乎意料的动作，此时前面可加onlyo

例句:I went to see her to find her absent．

我去看她结果发现她不在家。

3．不定式的复杂形式

不定式除有一般式外，还有否定式not to do,进行式to bedoing、完成式to he done、被动式to be done、完成被动式tohe beendone等复杂形式。

例句;All the employees worked hard not to be fired．

为了不被解雇，所有的员工努力工作。

4．不定式独立主格结构

with+名词+不定式可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示未来的动作。

例句：Witha lot of work to do，I can’t help you at present．

因为有许多工作要做，我现在不能帮助你。

八、V—ing形式考点

1．V—ing形式做宾语

excuse. f0r. ，can’t help，suggest，include，insist on，keep on， consider, finish， practice， put off, postpone， delay，miss，oid，give up，imagine，feel like，enjoy，risk，mind，reciate，stand，escape等词后面只能接V—ing形式做宾语。remember 得曾做某事)，forget(忘了曾做某事)，mean(意谓着)，try(尝试)，regret (后悔)，go on (继续做同一件事)，stop(停止做某事)，need(主语需要被..)等词表示括号内的含义时也应接v—ing形式做宾语。

例句：The hare was lucky enough to he oided being caught．

这只野兔很，错过了被捉住。

2．V—ing形式做定语

V—ing形式做定语可表示被修饰名词的的用途和性质，也可表示正在进行的动作。

例句：The great noise comes from the building being built now．

这巨大的噪音来自正在被建的楼房。

3．V—ing形式做状语

V—ing形式做状语常表示动作正在进行，此时应注意它的逻辑主语为主句主语。

例句：Holding a book in his hand，he came into the room．

他手里拿着一本书走进了房间。

4. V—ing形式做宾语补足语

V—ing形式做宾语补足语也表示动作正在进行。

例句：WhenI came to the five~ide．I f0und girl struggling inthe water．

来到河边时我看见一个女孩在水中挣扎。

5. V—ing形式独立主格结构

with+名词+V—ing形式可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示正在进行的动作。

例句：With the water still rising，the villages couldn’t return totheir village．

因为水位还在上涨，村民们无法回到村里。

6．V—ing形式复杂形式

V—ing形式除有一般式外还有完成式hing done，被动式being done，完成被动式hing been done，否定式not doing，完成否定式not hing done，完成被动式的否定式not hingbeen done。

例句：Hingsaid goodbye to each other， the children wenthome．

彼此说了再见之后，孩子们回家了。

九、过去分词考点猜想

1．过去分词做状语

过去分词做状语常表示被动的动作，也可因来自系表结构而表示主动的动作。

例句：Caught in a hey rain，the girl was all wet．

因为被浇了一场大雨，这女孩浑身湿透了。

2．过去分词独立主格结构

with+名词+过去分词可构成独立主格结构做状语，表示被动的动作。

例句：With his homework finished， the boy went out to getrelaxed．

因为家庭作业完成了，这个男孩出去放松了一下。

When asked to explain _____ he did to make his students so fascinated with his lessons, the tea...

It is difficult to tell exactly ____ the saying began, but it is probable that it was in the th...