高考动词用法-高考动词词组

1.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要

2.高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

3.实义动词的用法及口诀

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要

《高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要》由liuxue86我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

动词不定式用法举要

?动词不定式的语法功能

动词不定式可以在句子中作除谓语之外的几乎所有成分，即可在不同的句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。如：

To see is to believe. （主语）眼见为实，耳听为虚。 / 百闻不如一见。

Her job is to take care of the children in the kindergarten （表语）她的工作是在幼儿园照顾小孩。

The old woman hopes to trel to Hainan. （宾语）那老太太希望去海南旅游。

The doctor persuaded the patient to give up smoking . （宾语补足语）医生劝说这位病人戒烟。

Tom has a great deal of housework to do this weekend. （定语）这个周末汤姆有很多家务活要做。

Nice to see you again here. （状语）很高兴再次在这见到你。

To be honest/frank， l dislike her. （独立成分）老实 / 坦白说，我不喜欢她。

?动词不定式的否定式

动词不定式的否定式由? not+ 不定式?构成。如：

I decided not to go there so hurriedly . 我决定不这么匆忙地去那儿。

?动词不定式的省略

1 .省略不定式的符号 to.

动词不定式作 see， look at， watch， notice， observe， feel 等感官动词以及 he， let， make 等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式的符号 to 要省略。如：

I often hear my neighbor sing English songs 我经常听到我邻居唱英文歌。

2 .保留不定式的符号 to， 省略动词原形。

有时为了避免重复，可以只用 to 代替前面的不定式，这种情况往往出现在下列动词如 care， expect， forget， hope， intend， mean， prefer， try， want， wish， be glad/ hy/ delighted， would like/ love 等后面。如：

I he never been to Macao but I do wish to. 我从没去过澳门，但我很渴望去。

?动词不定式的时态和语态

动词不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式，当动词不定式的逻辑主语是它所表示的动作的承受者时，动词不定式要用被动语态。如：

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加聚会。

?动词不定式的复合结构

动词不定式的逻辑主语有时用? for/of + 名词或代词宾格?构成，不定式的复合结构可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。

注意：不定式的复合结构作主语时，? It be + 形容词 +of sb to do sth ?句型应表示人的特征的形容词，且可以转换 成? sb be + 形容词 +to do sth ?句型；而? It +be + 形容词 +for

sb to do sth ? 句型用于表示事情本身的特征，不能倒过来说。如：

It's foolish of Jimmy to make such a decision.（=Jimmy is foolish to make such a decision） 吉米做出这样的决定是愚蠢的。

六、?疑问词 + 动词不定式?结构

?疑问词 + 动词不定式?相当于名词，可以在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如：

The little girl didn't know what to do next. 那小女孩不知道下一步怎么办。 《高中英语语法-动词不定式用法举要》由liuxue86我整理

高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(.liuxue86)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

2009-03-18 11:48 来源：互联网 作者：佚名 [打印] [评论]

情态动词有一定的词义, 表示某种感情或语气, 是不完全动词, 不能单独作谓语, 需和实义动词一起构成谓语. 常见的情态动词有: can / could, may / might, must, shall / should, will / would, need, ought to, dare / dared等

一.may / might的用法:

1.表示?可以?, 即表示说话人许可或请求许可

a. You may take it away.

b. May I come in ?

2.表示?可能, 也许? (在疑问句中通常不用may / might, 而用likely, do you think, can等表示?是否可能, 会不会?的意思)

a. He may come today.

b. Is it likely to rain ?

c. Do you think the train will be late ?

d. Can the news be true ?这消息会是真的吗?

3.在提建议时, 可用May I

a. May I carry your bag ?

b. May I make a suggestion ?

二.can / could的用法:

1.表示许可或请求许可, 相当于may. 但can比may用得更广泛. can不仅表示说话人同意, 准许, 还可以表示客观条件许可. may通常只表示说话人同意或准许

a. The class is over. You can go home now.

b. You can go there tomorrow.

c. Can I borrow your car for today ?

2.在提建议时, 可用Can I / you

a. Can I buy you a drink ?

3.表示?会, 能?, 相当于be able to

a. He can speak English.

b. Can you play tennis ?

c. Little Tom can?t move the big box.

4.在疑问句中表示怀疑, 不确定或不会有的情况, 即?否定的推测?

a. Can it be true ? 这是真的吗?

b. Can it be true that he has passed the exam ? 他真的通过考试了吗?

5.can?t / couldn?t在陈述句中可表示?肯定不, 一定不?的意思

a. He can?t be in the room right now.

b. It can?t he rained last night, for the ground is dry.

6.can?t / couldn?t help doing sth表示?不得不,忍不住做某事?

a. People couldn?t help laughing at the foolish emperor.

7.can / be able to do的区别:

①.be able to可用于各种时态, 而can只有现在时can和过去时could

②.be able to可以和另一个不完全动词连用, 如should be able to (应该能够), must be able to (必须能够)等, 而can则不可以这样用

③.强调?能力?时, 多用be able to

a. The patient was soon able to sit up and read.

④.can可用于人或其他事物作主语的句子中; be able to只用于有生命的名词或代词作主语的句子中

三.must的用法:

1.表示?必须?, 它的否定形式是need not / needn?t, 而不是must not / mustn?t, mustn?t表示禁止或不许做某事

a. You must set off at once.

b. You needn?t tell John about it.

c. You mustn?t play with fire.

2.表示?肯定是, 一定是?的推测意义; 与此对应, 表示?肯定不,一定不?用can?t, 而不用mustn?t

a. You must be very tired now.

b. If he had really been there, I must he seen him.

c. He must he gone away. We don?t see him anywhere.

3.must / he to的区别:

①.must / he to一般可以通用, 但must侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 即?说话人认为必须?; he to侧重于客观上的需要, 含有?客观上不得不?之意

a. If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing.

b. You must / he to study with a teacher if you want to know how to do first aid.

②.must没有时态的变化, 一般用于表示现在或将来; he to有时态的变化, 可用于过去, 现在, 将来各种时态

a. We must study hard when we are young.

b. I think she must remain in hospital for a week.

c. We had to stay there for a whole day because of the rain.

d. We he to practise a lot if we want to speak English well.

e. The situation has changed; we will he to change our plan.

③.它们的否定式mustn?t / not he to有很大的不同: mustn?t表示?不要(做某事)?, 有禁止之意; not he to表示?不必要(做某事)?, 含有?客观上无此必要?之意

a. You mustn?t move a person if he is badly hurt.

b. You don?t he to be a doctor to do first aid.

四.would的用法:

1.表示主观意志和愿望, 即?愿意,想要?

a. Come here whenever you would.

b. He would not lee before he finished his work.

2.would do sth可以表示过去经常发生的动作, 相当于used to do sth

a. When we were children we would go swimming every summer.

b. On Sundays he would go fishing for hours when he lived in the countryside.

3.表示请求, 愿望, 语气客气, 委婉

a. I would like some tea.

b. Would you mind closing the door ?

c. Would you tell me something about your trip ?

4.表示推测, 表示?大概, 也许?的意思

a. That would be the pen you are looking for.那也许是你在找的笔吧

五.should的用法:

1.表示义务, 责任, 可译为?应当?

a. We should complete the text in time.

b. You should be so careless.

2.表示推测或推论, 可译为?可能, 应该是?

a. He should be home by now, I think.

b. He should he arrived in Nanjing by this time.

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ? 《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(.liuxue86)

实义动词的用法及口诀

实义动词的用法及口诀如下：

实义动词的用法：

实义动词在肯定句中，也要随着主语的变化而变化。

当主语为第三人称单数he，she，it时，实义动词要变为相应的第三人称单数；

当主语为非第三人称单数，you（你）we，you（你们）they时，实义动词要用动词的原形。

而在变否定句和疑问句时，不能直接在动词上变，而是要借助另一类动词：助动词do、does。

实义动词的口诀：

动词后接ing。

动词后接ing。

miss错过imagine想象和practise练习。

错过想象和练习。

consider考虑enjoy享受就delay推迟。

考虑享受就推迟。

admit承认risk冒险去suggest建议。

承认冒险去建议。

实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词（及物动词是指后面要求有直接宾语的动词；不及物动词指后面不需要跟宾语的动词，如果跟宾语要加介词。） 即行为动词,表示动作的动词。简介实义动词实义动词：及物动词（带宾语）；不及物动词（不带宾语）。实实在在有意思的动词。