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英语语法高考实用_英语语法高考
tamoadmin 2024-05-24 人已围观
简介1.怎么学英语语法,,,高考使用2.高考英语语法: 独立主格结构的七种形式3.高考英语语法主要考哪些4.高考英语语法填空固定搭配5.高考英语语法:英语双重所有格的用法6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-倒装用法归纳之一7.高考英语13个语法考点8.高考英语语法易错点查漏补缺 高三马上临近高考,那么高三英语语法知识点有哪些呢。以下是由我为大家整理的“高三英语语法知识点总结”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
1.怎么学英语语法,,,高考使用
2.高考英语语法: 独立主格结构的七种形式
3.高考英语语法主要考哪些
4.高考英语语法填空固定搭配
5.高考英语语法:英语双重所有格的用法
6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-倒装用法归纳之一
7.高考英语13个语法考点
8.高考英语语法易错点查漏补缺
高三马上临近高考,那么高三英语语法知识点有哪些呢。以下是由我为大家整理的“高三英语语法知识点总结”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
高三英语语法知识点总结一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
whom 指人在从句中作宾语
whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.
3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
三、只用which不用that的情况
1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、 在非限制性定语从句中。
3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。
拓展阅读:高考英语各题型复习方法一、听力
听力属于考试必拿分。如果听力还失分,则需要多加练习,最好保证每天听20-30分钟,可以通过听课内课文或者课外的英语文章亦或英文歌曲都会有所帮助的。
切记:听力的提高在于坚持。
二、单项选择
单项选择综合考察同学们对高中语法的把握程度,是必拿分。主要包括三大考点(动词时态语态、非谓语动词、三大从句)及几个小考点(情态动词及虚拟语气、特殊句式、介词、代词)。
第一、同学们一定要将各个语法点系统掌握,搭建知识网。
现在还有部分同学面对众多语法知识点而迷茫着,建议同学们在一轮复习仅剩的一个月时间里,试着通过思维导图的方式,并借助靠谱的语法书。
例如:《五三》、《无敌英语语法》,将语法点进行梳理;同时需要针对性地练习,提高做题效率;
第二、相信各位同学都有准备一本单选订错本,但是我发现有许多同学仅仅只是将题和答案记下,并无订错痕迹,之后还很有可能再错,那么同学们就需要找找原因何在。
在此希望大家将错题可以及时分考点集中誊抄,并写下做错原因,以防后期再错。发挥好订错本的真正作用。
切记:扎实的基础乃致胜高考之利器。
三、完形填空
面对完形,同学们需要注意做题“在精,不在多”。建议同学们可以保证每天或者隔天一定会练习完形填空。
如果练习中丢分比较多,就需要分析丢分的原因,到底是上下文理解的问题,还是词汇记忆准确度不够,或是粗心导致的呢?前期千万不要陷入题海战术中,在做题过程中结合所掌握的知识点,慢慢积累,尔后调整做题习惯。
完形解题包括读懂文章以及选对选项。
那么第一步便是,把握文章的体裁。例如:记叙文的“夹叙夹议”,分析中需要注意对故事发展的脉络和掺杂其中的感情进行把握。
第二步,根据上下文线索,结合平时所积累的熟词僻意、固定搭配等选择正确选项,同时还需要注意优先选择最佳选项。
切记:主要还是从一道完形出发细致分析,将各不同考法的思路进行归纳,转化成经验。
四、阅读理解
对于不同的文体阅读和不同的题型各有相对应的答题技巧,你注意到了吗?
在练习过程中,同学们首先可以先大致将文章略读,了解其文体和大意,其次根据具体问题具体分析,精读文章与问题相关的部分。
细节题注意“读、划、定、比”,主旨大意题需要根据首尾段、首尾句判断,推断题注意只推一步,猜词题需要结合上下文等等。
针对7选5阅读,同学们需注意在练习中提高前后文联系和关键词匹配能力。
切记:阅读是否能够看懂,除了要理解长句,剩下的就是解决单词。如果你所掌握的词汇基础远超高中,高考应该就不在话下了。阅读理解题,词汇为本,方法技巧为王。
五、写作
对于英语作文,素材&词汇&句型等都需要平时的积累。作文的话题并不是一尘不变的,一定要以素材的积累作为写作的中坚力量。
平时练习完毕,同学们一定要在老师的帮助下将作文不断修改和完善,规范审题流程及写作格式。
从应用文上看,需要同学们将各文体作文的写作模板进行熟悉;情景作文上,则需要积累高级词汇及句式,内容上情景交融、形式上长短句结合、过渡词适当、词汇使用准确和地道。
当然,素材的积累目的是为了使用,因此实际运用到写作上才能将素材真正地为我所用,在平时练习中一定要注意多借鉴和使用素材。
想要得到高分,细节也很重要,字迹需清晰,注意不要犯语法错误。高考作文的话题会跟随时代潮流进行更新,需要平时多留意时事。
切记:“清晰、准确、套路”在写作中很重要,需要多上心。
怎么学英语语法,,,高考使用
英语高考的时候,不管是单词、 短语 、句型还是语法,都会被考察到,所以考生们一定要全面复习好这些知识。下面是我整理分享的高考英语语法填空必背知识,欢迎阅读与借鉴,希望对你们有帮助!
高考英语语法填空必背知识
一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词
1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播
2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止
4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅
5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰
6. hang (作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)
7. lie (作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)
8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求
9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖
10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌
11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉
12. spread (spread, spread) 传播
13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳
14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎
15. weave (wove, woven) 编织
二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母
双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点,词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。
若把-ing,-er(-est),-ed添,辅音字母要双写全。
注:两“辅”夹一“元”:指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w,x,y除外),其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。
1. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认
2. permit (permitted, permitting)允许
3. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔
4. forget (forgotten, forgetting ) 忘记 unforgettable
5. control (controlled, controlling) 控制
6. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现
7. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿
8. refer (referred, referring) 提到
9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备
注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语) 另外注意:destroy (destroyed) employ (employed)
shyer; shyest
三、容易拼写错的数字
1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二
5. twentieth第二十
四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化
1. long—length 长度— lengthen加长
2. wide—width 宽度—widen
3. high—height 高度—heighten
4. strong—strength力量 —strengthen
5.deep—depth—deepen
6. short—shortness—shorten
7.broad—broadness—broaden
8.large—largeness—enlarge
五、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed
1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐
2.panic (panicked, panicked) a./ v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安
六、个别名词的'复数拼写
1. German (Germans) 德国人
2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾
3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕
4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。
5. roof (roofs) 房顶
6. stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)
七、常用复数形式
1. headphones (耳机), trousers (裤子),sunglasses (太阳镜), scissors (剪刀), compasses (圆规)
2. noodles, vegetables, snacks小吃, 快餐,
3. make friends with 与...交朋友,in high/low spirits (情绪高涨/低落), have sports (进行体育活动)。
4. congratulations (祝贺)。
5. celebrations (庆祝),
八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化
1. succeed—success成功
2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音
3. explain—explanation解释
4. decide—decision 决定
5. enter—entrance进入
6. permit—permission 允许
7. refuse—refusal 拒绝
8. consider—consideration 考虑
9. discover—discovery 发现
10. bury—burial 埋葬
11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论
12. arrive—arrival 到达
13. weigh—weight 重量
14.press--pressure压力
九、注意去不去e
possible—possibly 可能的 argue—argument judge—judgment
value—valuable courage—courageous
高考英语语法填空必背知识相关 文章 :
★ 高考英语语法填空进行时态知识点与必记的单词
★ 高考英语语法填空考点总结
★ 英语高考语法填空《英语语法手册》知识点
★ 高考英语语法填空一般时态知识点与训练题
★ 高考英语语法填空动词知识点与语法填空题与答案
★ 高考英语语法填空副词知识点与练习题
★ 高考英语语法填空解题策略
★ 英语高考语法填空规律总结与练习题
★ 高考英语语法填空技巧整理
★ 高考英语语法填空比较级知识点与强化训练题
高考英语语法: 独立主格结构的七种形式
日期:2015年9月1日
了解英语语法规则是学好英语的首要途径及重要关键
精通英文三大要素:①语音+②语法+③词汇
★ ★★序言:英语语法:①词法+②句法
① 词法:研究的是各种词的形式及其用法
②句法:研究的句子成分,语序,语气,语态,结构,以及句子的种类
★★★词法中的10大词性:
实词:具有完整意思并在句子中可独立担任句子某个成分的词叫实词
虚词:不具有完整意思不能独立担任句子成分词叫虚词
实词:① 名词;②动词;③形容词;④数词;⑤副词;⑥代词
虚词:① 冠词;②感叹词;③介词;④连词
★ ★★句法中的11大句子成分:
5大主要成分:⑴主语 ⑵谓语 ⑶宾语 ⑷表语 ⑸补语
6个次要成分:⑹定语 ⑺状语语 ⑻同位语⑼称呼语 ⑽插入语⑾感叹语
一10大词性的分类/定义/用法
词是组成句,篇,章的最基本元素,英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类,可以归纳成十种。
英语名称
定义(作用) /以及相关例句
例词
名词
Noun(n.)
定义:表示人或事物,地点,以及抽象等概念的名称的词(表示宇宙万事万物的名称的词)
① The book is so interesting .
这本书很有趣
② China is a great country .
中国是一个伟大的国家
③ I have a beautiful desk 我有一张漂亮书桌.
④ I have some bread 我有一些面包.
⑤ There is much meat in the fridge.
冰箱里有很多肉
China 中国(专有名词)
长城the Great Wall
书book;(可数名词)
桌子desk(可数名词)
student学生(可数名词)
rice米饭(不可数名词)
milk牛奶(不可数名词)
bread面包(不可数名词)
water 水(不可数名词)
meat肉(不可数名词)
代词
Pronoun (pron.)
用来代替人或者事物的词等
① This is my mother and that is my father
这个是我妈妈,那个是我爸爸
② These are books and those are pens
这些是书那些是钢笔.
③ I am from China and you are from USA
我I ,你you ,她she,
他he;我的my;
你的your;他的his
我自己myself, himself
this 这,these这些;
that那,those那些
数词
Numeral (num.)
表示数量或顺序的词.
① I have two apples .我有两个苹果
② This is the second apple 这是第二个苹果
③ I want the third apple我想要第三个苹果
④ Tom is his father’s fourth child
汤姆是他爸爸的第四个孩子.
⑤ There are forty five students in our class
我们班有45个学生.
one一; first第一
two二,第二second
three三, 第三third
four 四 fourth 第四
five 五 fifth 第五
six 六 , sixth 第六
seven 七, seventh 第七
eight 八, eighth 第八
形容词
Adjective(adj.)
用来修饰名词表示人或事物的特点,特征,性质.①This is a safe place 这是一个安全地方
②That is a dangerous place 那是个危险地方
③This is a beautiful house 这是栋漂亮房子
④He is a great man 他是一个伟大的人.
⑤ My father is handsome 我爸爸很英俊.
⑥ Pigs are ugly 猪是丑陋的.
safe安全的;
great伟大的
dangerous危险的,
beautiful 漂亮的
handsome 英俊的
ugly丑陋的(形容词一般作表语,定语,补语.)
冠词
Article (art.)
用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物的词①This is an apple 这是一个苹果.(表示泛指)
②That is a pen 那是一支钢笔.(表示泛指)
③The book is mine 这书是我的书.(表示特指)
④.The book has a red cover.(前特指,后数量)
这个书有一个红色的封面 .
⑤ She slept for an hour 她睡了1小时(表数量)
⑥She takes the medicine twice a day
她每天吃两次药(a 表示每一相当于each,every)
不定冠词an
用在元音发音单词前表示一个:(表示泛指;数量;每一)
不定冠词a,表示泛指,数量;每一)
用在辅音发音的单词前表示一个
the(这个,那个)特指.
动词
Verb (v.)
表示人或事物的动作或状态的词.
①Tom eats a lot of food every day
汤姆每天都要吃很多东西
③ We often speak English in class
我们经常在课堂上讲/说英文.
④ I saw a moving movie yesterday
我昨天看了一部感人的**
eat吃; have有;run跑
sing 唱歌
play打/玩/弹奏
walk行走*步行
see 看见/明白
hear听见
speak说话/讲话
副词
Adverb (adv.)
用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示动作或形状的特性;特征以及特点的词.
例如:She speaks quickly 她说话快
例如:Tom walks slowly 汤姆走路慢
例如:He is so tall 他很高
例如:He often goes to the park.
他经常去公园.
hard艰苦地;
early早地
carefully仔细地
quickly快速地
here这里;那里there
often经常;
always总是,一直
介词
Preposition (prep.)
用在名词、代词等前面,说明句子中词与词之间的一种空间和时间上的方位关系的词The cat under the bed is sleeping
床下面的那只猫正在睡觉
① The book on the table is red
桌子上的那本书是红色的
② There is a big tree behind our house
在我们家房子后面有一棵大树.
④There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom(在教室前面有一块黑板)
in在...里;on在…上面
behind 在…后面
in front of 在..前面
above 在… 斜上面
below 在..斜下面
over 在…正上面
under..在..正下面
in the front of..
在…内部的前面位置
连词
Conjunction (conj.)
用来连接词、短语或以及句子的词
① Tom and I are in the same class.
汤姆和我在同一个班
② He is very clever, but he is so lazy
他很聪明,但是他很懒惰
③ Did you go to Beijing by train or by plane
你是乘坐火车还是飞机去的北京?
④ Are you a teacher or a doctor ?
你是一个医生还是一个老师?
and和; (表示并列)
but但是;(表转折)
or 或者,还是(表选择)
for 表示原因.由于..
because 表示原因
因为..
since 自从…
if 表示条件,如果..
感叹词
Interjection (interj.)
表示说话时的强烈情感或口气的词
Oh my God..! That plane crashed
Hello喂; why呃,嘿;oh哦,aha 啊哈
第一章名词
名词学习7大要点
1名词定义:表示人,事物,地方,以及抽象概念名称的词
2名词分类:可分为①专有名词+ ②普通名词
3名词单复数:单数变为复数共计13种变化规则,一定要牢记
4名词所有格:①表示所有;②时间; ③现象;④国家;⑤等量;⑥主谓;⑦动宾;⑧修饰;⑨同位;⑩固定搭配以及人类活动
5名词的修饰词:①可数名词修饰词;②不可数名词修饰词
6名词的性别:①阳性词;②阴性词
7名词在句中中当各种成分①主语;②表语;③宾语;④定语;⑤补语;⑥同位语;⑦状语;⑧称呼语
备注:①②③⑥ 是名词主要用法,因此可以引出4种以后要学习名词性从句 ①主语从句;②表语从句;③宾语从句;④同位语从句
第一章(名词)
一名词的定义及种类
名词是表示人、事物,地点以及抽象概念的名称的词。名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
① 表示人的名称:Tom; Mary; Jack; Tony
② 表示事物名称:pen; apple ; book ; door
③ 表示地点名称:Beijing; Shanghai; Guangzhou;
④ 表示抽象名称:peace和平; happiness幸福; sadness悲伤
6大实词充当句子各种成分精讲
充当句子各种成分不同形式归纳
日期:2015年9月1日
一六大实词充当句子不同成分
一名词 表示人,事物,地点,以及抽象概念名称的词叫名词
①作主语
Honesty is the best policy.诚实是上策
Knowledge is power.知识就是力量
People can talk face to face. 人们可以面对面谈话.
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都.
These books will make a lot of patients feel happy.这些书使很多病人感觉很开心.
The bag is in the desk.
Her handwriting is the best in her class.
Water freezes below zero.
No news is good news.
No man can do two things at once.
The apple is red
备注:名词化形容词也可以作主语
The sick and the old need our help.
The wounded should be sent to hospital at once
②作宾语
She likes English very much. 她非常喜欢英语.
He loves his family very much. 她非常爱他的家人.
Chinese people eat with chopsticks.中国人用筷子吃饭.
If you don’t make money, no one is going to give it to you.
How can we practice our spoken English?
I washed my clothes yesterday.
Mary lives with her parents.
Many people died from the accident.
The skirt is made of silk
Teenagers today are facing lots of pressure.
You are supposed to focus your attention on your own work.
③作表语
English is an international language. 英语是一门国际语言.
This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是一本英汉字典.
My father is a famous scientist. 我爸爸是一名著名科学家.
My mother is a housewife.
She remained an assistant for several years.
Today is Sunday.
This is a good book.
Mary has become a lawyer.
Water shortage is still the biggest problem in western China
④作同位语
One of my good friends, Tom, is also there.
我的其中一位好朋友,汤姆,也在那里.
We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an American.
This is my eldest daughter, Mary这是我的大女儿,玛丽.
Jack, an American people, is our English teacher.
捷克,一个美国人,是我们的英语老师.
A young man once asked Albert Einstein, the great scientist, what the secret of success is .
We teenagers should face the difficulty bravely.
Our monitor ,Jack ,is a good student.
The small desks and chairs are for us students.
Mr Zhang, our manager , has gone to Beijing.
Bird flu, a new disease, has no effective cure.
⑤补足语(宾语补足语)
We call the boy Tom.我们叫这个男孩子汤姆.
The boy is called Tom by us.(主语补足语)
They call the girl Mary.他们叫这个女孩玛丽
=The girl is called Mary by them.
We all call him Captain Sun.我们叫他为孙船长
The parents named their son Mike.父母给他们的孩子取名麦克
We elected him our monitor.我们选他做我们班长.
He was appointed secretary.他被任命为秘书.
He regarded me as his best friend.他把我看作他最好的朋友.
He was elected monitor of our class.他被选作我们班长.
We are making our school a beautiful garden. 我们正在使我们学校变成一个漂亮花园.
Mike is considered as a good monitor. 迈克被认为是一个好班长.
We are sparing no effort to make our country a developed country.
Charlie Chaplin is considered a great actor, director and editor.
⑥作定语
This is a stone table.这是一张石头桌子
The apple tree is very tall.这棵苹果树非常高
There are thirty women teachers and twenty men teachers.
Tom is playing computer games in the room.
This is a dress shop.
She likes reading war stories.
This is a gold watch
In the south of China, there are many banana trees.
The old man suffered from heart trouble
She likes helping her mother with farm work.她喜欢帮助他们妈妈做农活.
⑦作状语
The storm lasted thirty minutes.这个暴风雨持续了30分钟.
The box weighs fifty kilograms这个箱子重50公斤.
She weighs one hundred pounds.
We should serve people heart and soul.
The meeting lasted two hours.
They study hard day and night
The meeting lasted an hour.
Come this way
⑧作称呼语
Will Aunt come to us, Daddy?
Come on, friend.
Mum, Can you give me something to eat? I am so hungry
Hurry, kids
Open the door, Wei Fang.
I am coming to answer the door, mum.
Ladies and gentlemen, I have got an important announcement to make.
Hi, everyone! Allow me to introduce myself.(代词作称呼语)
Look out, John! There is a car running over
高考英语语法主要考哪些
高考英语语法:独立主格结构的七种形式
1. 名词(代词)+现在分词
The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后,我们就回家了。
We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假设天气好,我们就进行比赛。
The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班长病了,我们还是延期开会吧。
2. 名词(代词)+过去分词
The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公车已经走了,我们必须走路回家。
More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。
3. 名词(代词)+不定式
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周。
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。
4. 名词(代词)+介词短语
The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵们端着枪冲了进来。
A girl came in, book in hand. 一个少女进来了,手里拿着书。
He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等着,眼睛望着她的背影。
5. 名词(代词)+形容词或副词
He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排,嘴半开着。
She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前,衣领已解掉,头低了下来,拿好钢笔,准备开始写一封长信。
6. There being +名词(代词)
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做,我们就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了,我宣布散会。
7. It being +名词(代词)
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。
注:独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。如:
Don’t sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。
He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。
She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进来。
He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假。
He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了
高考英语语法填空固定搭配
一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand。
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。
2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。
例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。
例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。
例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make)。
例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。
例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别。
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。
四、倒装结构
学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不
倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明:
A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)
B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)
G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)
H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)
五、虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明:
A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)
总之,语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则,要边学边寻找规律,以提高学习效率。在学习中不能只记一些语法规则,要进行实践练习。通过练习,可以发现和纠正错误,而且有利于况固所学知识。
高考英语语法:英语双重所有格的用法
高考英语语法填空固定搭配如下:
1. 短语动词:
come up with, go over, give up, keep on, hold on, look after, look up, put off, set up, take off, turn down, work out等。
2. 名词短语和形容词短语:
a great deal of, a number of, as a result of, in addition to, in spite of, instead of, on account of, in the meantime, by means of, according to, apart from, in terms of, regardless of, due to等。
3. 其他常用搭配:
not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, both…and, not…but, so…that, such…that, whether…or, as well as等。
英语语法学习技巧
英语学习者在学习过程中要善于主动观察、归纳、总结语法规则,不要完全依靠教师或书本的讲解。研究表明,学习者自己归纳总结的语法规则比从书本上学来的记得更好。
学习者要善于从错误中学习。英语学习中出现错误是不可避免的。学习者一方面不要怕犯错误,应大胆地使用英语;另一方面,要注意纠正错误,从错误中学习。
在语法学习中,学习者经常被某些语法术语所困扰。不同的语法书和不同的语法学家经常使用不同的语法术语,这给英语学习者造成不少困难。学习者如果遇到难以理解的语法术语,最好是请教老师,看有没有其他解释。
高考英语语法:高中英语语法-倒装用法归纳之一
高考英语语法:英语双重所有格的用法
1、所谓双重所有格就是指将 -’s 所有格与 of 所有格结合起来一起使用:
a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友
a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一张照片
2、双重所有格的使用场合:
①当被修饰名词前有指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词或数词等限定词时,一般要用双重所有格:
I don’t like that big nose of David’s. 我不喜欢大卫的那个大鼻子。
Which novel of Dickens’ are you referring to? 你谈的是狄更斯的哪部小说?
Some friends of my brother’s will come. 我兄弟的一些朋友要来。
注被双重所有格修饰名词前有指示代词时,通常带有一定的感情色彩(如赞赏、不满、厌恶等):
That little daughter of your cousin’s is really a dear. 你表哥的那个小女儿真是逗人爱。(表赞赏)
That daughter of your cousin’s is constantly complaining. 你表哥的那个女儿老是在报怨。(表厌恶)
另外,被双重所有格修饰的名词前可以用不定冠词,但通常不用定冠词:
可以说:a poem of Shelly’s, a novel of Dickens’
不能说:the poem of Shelly’s, the novel of Dickens’
②有时既可用双重所有格也可用 of 所有格,但含义稍有差别。比较:
a photo of Mary’s 玛丽收藏的一张照片
a photo of Mary 玛丽照的一张照片
a criticism of William’s 威廉提出的批评
a criticism of William 对威廉的批评
高考英语13个语法考点
《高中英语语法-倒装用法归纳之一》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。
倒装用法归纳之一
倒装是中学阶段的一个重要的语法知识点,也是高考命题热点之一。下面笔者就来谈谈它的用法。
一、完全倒装
完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前,其中主语必须是名词,若为代词则不倒装,这种结构中谓语部分无助动词( be ,do ,have )和情态动词,但可以有连系动词 be .须用完全倒装的情况有:
1. 当句首为副词 out ,in ,up ,down ,off ,here ,there 等,且主语为名词时,应用完全倒装。如:
In came the doctor. 医生进来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
2. 当表示地点的介词短语位于句首,且主语为名词时,应用完全倒装。如:
On top of the hill stands a big pine tree.
山顶上耸立着一棵大松树。
Under the tree were some children.
树下有一些孩子。
3. 在 there be 结构中,there 为引导词,be 动词之后为句子的主语,属完全倒装,be 应与主语保持一致。除 be 以外,能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem ,exist ,happen ,appear ,live ,stand 等。如:
There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday.
上周日公园里有很多人。
Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people.
从前有一位对人民很残暴的国王。
4. 作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短,而主语相对比较长,为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置时,句子的主谓也应完全倒装。如:
Typical for China is the crosstalk show, in which two comedians entertain the audiences with words.
中国典型的艺术形式是相声,两名演员用言语来逗乐观众。
Gone are the days when we Chinese were looked down upon.
中国人民被歧视的日子已成为过去。
5. 某些表示祝愿的句子也可用完全倒装(或部分倒装)。如:
Long live the Chinese Communist Party of China!
中国***万岁!
May you succeed!
祝你成功!
二、部分倒装
部分倒装则是将助动词调到主语前,主语可以是名词也可以是代词。通常应使用部分倒装的情况有:
1. 当句首为否定或半否定词 never ,neither ,nor ,little ,seldom ,hardly ,scarcely ,in no way ,few , not ,no 等时,应用部分倒装。如:
Seldom does he spend his time playing cards.
他很少花时间去玩扑克。
Never have I heard of that place before.
我以前从未听说过那个地方。
2. only 修饰时间、地点、方式、原因等状语时,应用部分倒装。如:
Only in this way can we solve the problem.
只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题。
Only when you told me did I know her name.
直到你告诉我,我才知道她的名字。
注意:如果 only 修饰的不是状语,则句子不倒装。如:
Only Uncle Li knows how it happened.
只有李叔叔知道这件事是怎么发生的。
3. 表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时,肯定倒装用? so + 助动词/情态动词 + 后者?,否定倒装用? neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 后者?。如:
He can speak English,so can I.
他会说英语,我也会。
If she doesn?t go there tomorrow,neither / nor will I.
如果她明天不去那儿,我也不去。
注意? so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语?与? so + 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词?的区别:
前者表示所说的主语和前面主语的情况一样,所谈到的是两个人或物,意为也是这样?;后者所谈为同一人或物,说话者表示同意前者的观点,意为?的确如此?。如:
? Li Lei likes sports. 李雷喜欢运动。
? So he does and so do I. 他的确喜欢,我也是的。
4. so 及? so + 形容词 / 副词?置于句首时,应用部分倒装。如:
So frightened was he that he didn?t dare move.
他如此惊慌以至不敢动弹。
So quietly did she speak that we could not hear a word.
她说话声音这么低,以至我们一个字也没听到。
5. such 及? such + 形容词 + 名词?置于句首时,应用部分倒装。如:
Such is Zhong Cheng, a kind and helpful student.
这就是仲成,一个善良、乐于助人的学生。
Such good players are they that they often win.
他们是好队员,所以他们经常获胜。
6. 由 not only ? but also ? 引起的并列句,若将 not only 置于句首时,该分句应部分倒装, but also 引导的分句不倒装。而由 neither ? nor ? 引起的并列句,两个分句都倒装。如:
Not only did he give me some advice,but also he lent me some money.
他不但给我提了建议,而且还借给了我一些钱。
Neither does he watch TV,nor does he see films in the evening.
他晚上既不看电视也不看**。
7. 由连接词 No sooner ? than ,Scarcely ? when ,Hardly ? when 引起的主从复合句,主句应倒装,从句不倒装。如:
No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
他一上床就睡着了。
Hardly had I got into the classroom when it began to rain.
我刚一进教室天就下起雨来。
8. not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时,句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时,主句应部分倒装,从句语序不变。如:
Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.
直到 1998 年他才回到家乡。
Not until Father came back did we begin to have supper last night.
昨晚直到父亲回来,我们才开始吃晚饭。
注意:当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时,句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为:
It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.
It was not until Father came back that we began to have supper last night.
9. 省略 if 的虚拟条件句,可将 were ,had ,should 提至主语前。如:
Were I you,I would go there tomorrow.
要是我是你,我明天就会去那儿。
Had you been there,you would have met the manager himself.
要是你去了那儿,你就会见到经理本人了。
10. 表示时间频率且有肯定意义的词语 often ,every day ,now and again 等置于句首用来强调时,应用部分倒装。如:
Often does he send me e-mails to greet me.
他经常给我发电子信件问候我。
三、主谓不倒装的倒装句
1. as / though 引起让步状语从句,可将表语或状语置于句首,但主谓不颠倒顺序。如:
Tired as / though he is,he is still working. 《高中英语语法-倒装用法归纳之一》由英语我整理,更多请访问: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">高考英语语法易错点查漏补缺
高考英语语法知识点
一般过去时
①一般过去时的基本用法:表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如:
I met her in the street yesterday.
I once saw the famous star here.
They never drank wine.
I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.
②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如:
③表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,用一般过去时。如:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
He bought a watch but lost it.
④常用一般过去时的句型:
Why didn’t you / I think of that?
I didn’t notice it.
I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.
I didn’t recognize him.
高考英语知识要点
1.表示“大量、许多”
可数:number/many/dozen/a great number 不可数:a great deal/amount/much 都可以:plenty of/lot/quantity/mass
2.可以修饰形容词比较级:far/even/any/much/rather/a bit/a lot
3.lie躺-lay-lain-lying 撒谎-lied-lied-lying
Lay下蛋-laid-laid-laying
4.can表示能力,be able to表示经过努力,有时态变化
5.receive强调客观接收,accept强调主观接受
6.on account of因为,由于;account for说明原因解释
7.accuse sb of指控某人,sue指控
8.add to增加扩大,add up加起来,add up to总共总计
9.afford负担得起,抽得出时间
10.after以过去为起点,用于过去时态,in以将来为起点,用于将来时态
高考考前语法填空和短文改错代词易错点查漏补缺
代词
1、作表语常用宾格,在独词句中用宾格。
a.—Who is knocking at the door?——It’s me
b. He is a student in this school. And me, too.
2、it 指无生命的事物、婴儿、以及who、someone等不名身份的人。
eg: a. —Who is outside? —It is me
b. Someone has entered the house. It must be a thief
c. The baby is very lowly. It was born half a year ago.
3、反身代词可用作①宾语②表语(表示“健康”的含义)③同位语(作主语同位语,可以放在主语后面,或后置; 如果作宾语同位语,则放在宾语后面)
eg: a. Mr Black can’t express himself in Chinese. b. I am not quite myself today.
c. She herself opened the door. She opened the door herself.
d. You’d better ask Mr Smith himself about it.
4、指示代词this, that用于电话用语中。
—Who’s that (speaking)?
—It/This is Tom (speaking)?
5、this/that 修饰adj/adv. 表示“这么”“那么”的含义,相当于so 。
a. Oh, the girl is not that foolish. b. I can only promise you this much.
c. We didn’t expect that the weather in Tongren was that hot.
6、it、that、those、one、the ones的指代区别。
1)it指上文提到的同一事物或整句话的内容。
a. “Do you want the watch?”“Yes , I want it.”
b. He warned his son not to play computer games again, but it didn’t help.
2)that常用来指代同名异物的不可数名词
a. The population of China is much larger than that of any other country in the world.
b. The weather in Kaili is much better than that in shanghai.
3)those或the ones 用来指代上文提到的复数名词。
a. Watches made in China are just as good as those/ the ones made in Switzerland.
b. The books are better than those you bought yesterday.
4) one指代同名异物的某个单数名词,如果特指就用the one.
a. I want to buy a Mp3. Do you need one?
b. Here are enough apples . Each of you can get one.
c. I don’t like this dictionary. I prefer the one on the shelf.
7、both、either、neither的用法
a. Both of them are right (主语)
Both the brothers/ Both of the brothers are at college.(定语)
b. Neither of the answers is / are correct.(主语)
Neither seat is taken .(定语)
c. You can take either of the dictionaries.(宾语)
Flowers are planted on either side of the street.(定语)
8、none、all 的用法
a. All has been done.(作主语,表示“所有事”谓动用单数)
All are present . (作主语,表示“所有人”谓动用复数)
b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football.
注意:在回答what/who 问句时,用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……问句时用none.
Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing.
How much money do you have? None.
9、every、each的使用
1)every只能修饰名词,而each既可修饰名词,也可作名词使用。
eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student
2)在单独作主语、同位语、宾语时只用each.
a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one.
b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.
3)every能表达“每隔”的含义,而each则不能。
every three days 每3天、每隔2天 every few years每隔几年
every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行
4)every与one连用,可用of修饰( 要分开写)。
every one of us 我们中的每一人 each of us我们中的每一人
every one of the books 这些书中的每1本
each of the books这些书中的每1本
10、some与any
1)表示“一些”含义时,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定、疑问、条件句中,都可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词。
a. I have some questions to ask you.
b. Do you have any trouble in learning English? If any, do ask me for help.
注意:1)some表示“一些”时,可用于“征求意见”“提出建议”的疑问句中。
a.—Would you like to have some ice cream?
—No.
—How about some water?
—Yes, please.
2)some后接单数可数名词时表示“某一”的含义。相当于“a certain.”
some day 将来某一天 some kind of animals某一种动物
3)some 可以和数词连用,表示“大约”的含义。
The story took place some forty years ago.
4)any如果表示“任何”含义时,可以用于肯定句中。
Here are three novels. You may read any.
11、one……the other、another、other+复数名词、others、the other+复数名词、the others
1)当前提只有两个时,表达“一个,另一个”用one……the other,此时the other作名词用。
I have bought two books. One is a dictionary, the other is a story book.
2)当前提有3个或以上时,表达“另一个”用another或“a(n)+序数词( 序数词的选择要根据语境来)”表示。
Please show me another book.
I have stayed in Kaili for a week, but I still want to stay here for a second week.
注意:如果是“一段时间”或“一笔钱”时,可以用another。此时虽然是复数的形式,但它是单数含义。
a. We need another three days to finish the work.可以替换为:three more days three other days
b. Sorry, your money is not enough. You need to pay another 10 dollars
10 more dollars
10 other dollars
3)other(adj)+复数名词或others(n)表示除去一部分外剩余的某一部分,前面常有特征词some.
a. Some people are against you, but others/other people may agree with you.
b. I don’t like this shirt. Have you got any others?
4)the other(adj)+复数名词或the others(n)表示除去一部分外剩余的全部,一般都要有一定的范围。
There are 70 students in the class. Some are from the USA and the others/ the other students / the rest are from China.
12、little、a little、few、a few的使用
1)little“几乎没有”修饰不可数名词 There is little water in the desert
2)few“几乎没有”修饰可数名词的复数形式。Few people like him.
3)a little“一点,一些”,修饰不可数名词。 There is still a little soup in the bowl.
4)a few“一些,几个”修饰可数名词的复数形式,相当于some、several, a couple of
I bought a few books yesterday
13、many与 much的使用
1)much+不可数名词 much water/ information/ pleasure…etc
2)many+复数名词 = a good /great many+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
然而: many a(n)+单数可数名词,如many a student, 作主语,谓动用第三单形式。
14、疑问代词
What、which、who、whom、whose、how many/much、how soon、how often、how long、etc、
(1)、在句中作主语、宾语(含介词宾语)、表语且指sth.用what, 另外:表示“是。。。什么样子”也用what.
a. —What’s your name?—My name is Peter. b. —What is on your desk?
c. What’s the weather like today?
d. What does your father look like?
e. My hometown is not what it used to be 10 years ago.
(2)、在句中指人且作主语,用who;如果指人作宾语,可以用who/whom
a. Who’s in charge of your class?
b. Who/Whom did you meet yesterday?
(3)、指人且在句中作定语,用whose。注意相应的名词要紧跟whose。
a. Whose father is a teacher?
b. Whose bike did you lose yesterday?
(4)、当表示“哪一个/ 哪一些”含义时用which,相应的名词也要紧随其后
a. Which dictionary do you like?
b. Which students will be chosen to be volunteers?
(5)、提问数目时用how many(much),可数名词用how many,不可数名词用how much。注意相应的名词也要紧随其后,如果问的是“钱”或“某种程度”时,how much后常不接名词。
a. How many people are there in your class?
b. How much vegetable did you buy this morning?
c. How much did you spend on the house?
d. How much do you like the dictionary?
(6)、在将来时中表示在一段时间后“用介词in+时间”, 含义为:....之后。提问则用how soon(多久以后).
The road will be completed in two years.
How soon will the road be completed?
(7)、how often用来提问频率。
He went back home twice a month last year.
How often did he go home last year?
(8)、how long 用来提问“for+一段时间”通常指(1)到目前为止,且在现在完成时中。(2) 将要做某事长达一段时间。
They have been married for five years.→ How long have they been married?
I will stay in my college for 4 years. → How long will you stay in your college?
15、全部否定与部分否定
1)both/every/all与not连用表示部分否定。
Not every student is from the UK=Every student is not from the UK.
Both of them are not from Guiyang.= Not both of them are from Guiyang.
Not all of us study hard.= All of us don’t study hard.
2)either……not、any……not、neither、none、nobody、nothing、each……not都表示全部否定。
a. Either of the two brothers is not a student.=Neither of the two brothers is a student.
b. Any of them doesn’t like to dance. None of them likes/like to dance.
c. Nobody is absent.
d. Nothing does good to you. e. Each of the students doesn’t want to go with you.